Constitution of Indonesia

1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
A 1946 print edition of the constitution, published by Indonesian National Committee Probolinggo branch
Overview
Original title	Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945
Jurisdiction	Indonesia
Created	1 June–18 August 1945
Presented	18 August 1945
Ratified	18 August 1945
Date effective	18 August 1945
System	Unitary Republic
Government structure
Branches	3
Head of state	President
Chambers	People's Consultative Assembly, consisting of House of Representatives and Regional Representative Council
Executive	Cabinet led by the President
Judiciary	Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, and Judicial Commission
Federalism	Unitary
Electoral college	No
Entrenchments	2
History
First legislature	29 August 1945
First executive	18 August 1945
First court	18 August 1945
Amendments	4
Last amended	11 August 2002
Location	National Archives of Indonesia, Jakarta
Commissioned by	Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence
Author(s)	Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
Media type	Printed text document
Full text
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia at Wikisource

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The 1945 State Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, commonly abbreviated as UUD 1945 or UUD '45) is the supreme law and basis for all laws of Indonesia.

The constitution was written in June–August 1945, in the final months of the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies at the end of World War II. It was abrogated by the Federal Constitution of 1949 and the Provisional Constitution of 1950, but restored by President Sukarno's 1959 Decree.

The 1945 Constitution sets forth the Pancasila, the five nationalist principles, as the embodiment of basic principles of an independent Indonesian state. It provides for a limited separation of executive, legislative, and judicial powers. The governmental system has been described as "presidential with parliamentary characteristics."^[1] Following major upheavals in 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto, several political reforms were set in motion, via amendments to the Constitution, which resulted in changes to all branches of government as well as additional human rights provisions.