French language in the United States

The French language is spoken as a minority language in the United States. Roughly 1.18 million Americans over the age of five reported speaking the language at home in the federal 2020 American Community Survey,^[1] making French the seventh most spoken language in the country behind English, Spanish (of which it is the second Romance language to be spoken after the latter), Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and Arabic. Several varieties of French evolved in what is now the United States:

• Acadian French, spoken in Northern Maine by descendants of colonists in Acadia
• Louisiana French, spoken in Louisiana by descendants of colonists in French Louisiana
• New England French, spoken in New England by descendants of 19th and 20th-century Canadian migrants
• Missouri French, spoken in Missouri by descendants of French settlers in the Illinois Country
• Muskrat French, spoken in Michigan by descendants of habitants, voyageurs and coureurs des bois in the Pays d'en Haut
• Métis French, spoken in North Dakota by Métis people

More recently, French has also been carried to various parts of the nation via immigration from Francophone countries and regions. Today, French is the second most spoken language (after English) in the states of Maine and Vermont. French is the third most spoken language (after English and Spanish) in the states of Louisiana, Connecticut and Rhode Island.^[2][3]

As a second language, French is the second most widely taught foreign language (after Spanish) in American schools, colleges and universities.^[4] While the overwhelming majority of Americans of French ancestry grew up speaking only English, some enroll their children in French heritage language classes.