Back Han-Chinese Afrikaans هان (مجموعة إثنية) Arabic Etnia han AST Китаял AV Han (xalq) Azerbaijani هان ائلی AZB Хань (халыҡ) Bashkir Кітайцы Byelorussian Кітайцы BE-X-OLD Хан (народ) Bulgarian

Han Chinese

"Han people" redirects here. For citizens and residents of China, see Chinese people. For the homophonic Han people of Korea, see Koreans.

For the language of Han Chinese, see Chinese language. For the Chinese imperial dynasty, see Han dynasty.
Han Chinese
漢人; 汉人
Officials during the Ming dynasty (1368–1662) wearing hanfu
Total population
1.4 billion[1]
Regions with significant populations
China1.29 billion[2]
Taiwan22 million[3][4]
Thailand10 million[5][6]
Malaysia6.91 million[7]
United States3.80–5.79 million[8][9]
Singapore3.07 million[10]
Indonesia2.83 million[11]
Myanmar1.64 million[12]
Canada1.47 million[13]
Philippines1.35 million[14]
Australia1.21 million[15]
Vietnam992,600[16]
Japan922,000[17]
Languages
Chinese
Religion
Related ethnic groups
Han Chinese
Traditional Chinese漢族
Simplified Chinese汉族
Literal meaningHan ethnic group
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHànzú
Bopomofoㄏㄢˋ ㄗㄨˊ
Wade–GilesHan4-tsu2
Tongyong PinyinHàn-zú
Yale RomanizationHàndzú
IPA[xântsǔ]
Wu
RomanizationHoe zoh
Hakka
RomanizationHòn-tshu̍k
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationHon juhk
JyutpingHon3 zuk6
IPACantonese pronunciation: [hɔ̄ːn tsʊ̀k]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJHàn-cho̍k
Teochew Peng'imHàng-tsôk
Eastern Min
Fuzhou BUCHáng-cŭk

The Han Chinese, alternatively the Han people,[a] are an East Asian ethnic group native to Greater China.[18] With a global population of over 1.4 billion, the Han Chinese are the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 17.5% of the world population. The Han Chinese represent 91.11% of the population in China and 97% of the population in Taiwan.[19][20] Han Chinese are also a significant diasporic group in Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. In Singapore, people of Han Chinese or Chinese descent make up around 75% of the country's population.[21]

The Han Chinese have exerted a primary formative influence in the development and growth of Chinese civilization.[22][23][24] Originating from the Central Plains, the Han Chinese trace their ancestry to the Huaxia people, a confederation of agricultural tribes that lived along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River[25][26][27][28] in the north central plains of China. The Huaxia are the progenitors of Chinese civilization and ancestors of the modern Han Chinese.[29][30]

Han Chinese people and culture later spread southwards in the Chinese mainland, driven by large and sustained waves of migration during successive periods of Chinese history, e.g. the Qin (221–206 BC) and Han (202 BC – 220 AD) dynasties, leading to a demographic and economic tilt towards the south, and the absorption of various non-Han ethnic groups over the centuries at various points in Chinese history.[27][31][32] The Han Chinese became the main inhabitants of the fertile lowland areas and cities of southern China by the time of the Tang and Song dynasties,[33] with minority tribes occupying the highlands.

  1. ^ Minahan, James B. (2014). Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 89–95. ISBN 978-1-610-69018-8. Archived from the original on 7 June 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
  2. ^ CIA Factbook Archived 17 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine: "Han Chinese 91.1%" out of a reported population of 1,416,043,270 (2024 est.)
  3. ^ "Taiwan snapshot". Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  4. ^ Chen, Chien-Hsiun; Yang, Jenn-Hwai; Chiang, Charleston W.K.; Hsiung, Chia-Ni; Wu, Pei-Ei; Chang, Li-Ching; Chu, Hou-Wei; Chang, Josh; Song, I-Wen; Yang, Show-Ling; Chen, Yuan-Tsong; Liu, Fu-Tong; Shen, Chen-Yang (18 October 2016). "Population structure of Han Chinese in the modern Taiwanese population based on 10,000 participants in the Taiwan Biobank project". Human Molecular Genetics. 25 (24): 5321–5331. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddw346. PMC 6078601. PMID 27798100.
  5. ^ Draper, John; Selway, Joel Sawat (January 2019). "A New Dataset on Horizontal Structural Ethnic Inequalities in Thailand in Order to Address Sustainable Development Goal 10". Social Indicators Research. 141 (1): 275–297. doi:10.1007/s11205-019-02065-4.
  6. ^ "Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.O.C." Archived from the original on 4 January 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  7. ^ "confirmed latest statistics". 2022. Archived from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  8. ^ "Race Reporting for the Asian Population by Selected Categories: 2010 more information". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  9. ^ "Selected Population Profile in the United States". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  10. ^ "Topic: Resident Populationpf Singapore by ethnic group, 2023". Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Jumlah dan Persentase Penduduk menurut Kelompok Suku Bangsa" (PDF). media.neliti.com (in Indonesian). Kewarganegaraan, suku bangsa, agama dan bahasa sehari-hari penduduk Indonesia. 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
  12. ^ "The World Factbook". Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  13. ^ Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. "Population by Ethnic Origin by Province". Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  14. ^ Macrohon, Pilar (21 January 2013). "Senate declares Chinese New Year as special working holiday" (Press release). PRIB, Office of the Senate Secretary, Senate of the Philippines. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021.
  15. ^ "Australia". 2016 Census QuickStats. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 30 October 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  16. ^ Poston, Dudley L; Wong, Juyin Helen (July 2016). "The Chinese diaspora: The current distribution of the overseas Chinese population". Chinese Journal of Sociology. 2 (3): 348–373. doi:10.1177/2057150X16655077.
  17. ^ 在日华人统计人口达92万创历史新高. www.rbzwdb.com (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  18. ^ Joniak-Lüthi, Agnieszka (2018). "Ethnicity and the Han". Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199920082-0150.
  19. ^ 中華民國國情簡介 [ROC Vital Information] (in Chinese). Executive Yuan. 2016. Archived from the original on 18 February 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2016. 臺灣住民以漢人為最大族群，約占總人口97%
  20. ^ The Republic of China Yearbook (PDF). Government Information Office. 2014. p. 36. ISBN 978-986-04-2302-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2016.
  21. ^ "Home" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
  22. ^ Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (2023). "Rethinking Han Chinese Identity". China Review. 23 (2): 58–59. doi:10.1093/jdh/epw042.
  23. ^ Blackburn, Kevin; Hack, Karl (2012). War Memory and the Making of Modern Malaysia and Singapore. NUS Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-9971-69-599-6. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
  24. ^ Liu, Xingwu (2004). "Han". In Ember, Carol R.; Ember, Melvin (eds.). Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology. Springer. pp. 703–17. doi:10.1007/0-387-29905-X_73. ISBN 978-0-306-47754-6. The name "Han" was derived from the Han River, an upper tributary of the Yangtze River. It was further strengthened by the famous Han Empire (206 BC–220 AD) which lasted for several hundred years when the people began active interactions with the outside world.
  25. ^ Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio; Lai, David (September 1995). "War And Politics in Ancient China, 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C.: Measurement and Comparative Analysis". Journal of Conflict Resolution. 39 (3): 467–494. doi:10.1177/0022002795039003004. JSTOR 174577.
  26. ^ Liu, Hong (2017). Chinese Business: Landscapes and Strategies. Routledge. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-138-91825-2.
  27. ^ a b Wilkinson, Endymion Porter (2015). Chinese History: A New Manual. Harvard University Asia Center. p. 709. ISBN 978-0-674-08846-7.
  28. ^ Yuan, Haiwang (2006). The Magic Lotus Lantern and Other Tales from the Han Chinese. Libraries Unlimited. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-59158-294-6.
  29. ^ Minahan, James B. (2015). Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-61069-017-1.
  30. ^ Duara, Prasenjit (2003). Sovereignty and authenticity: Manchukuo and the East Asian modern. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 7. ISBN 0-7425-2577-5.
  31. ^ Dingming, Wu (2014). A Panoramic View of Chinese Culture. Simon & Schuster.
  32. ^ Minahan, James B. (2015). Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-61069-017-1.
  33. ^ Cite error: The named reference PK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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