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Irish clans are traditional kinship groups sharing a common surname and heritage and existing in a lineage-based society, originating prior to the 17th century.[1] A clan (or fine in Irish, plural finte) included the chief and his patrilineal relatives;[2] however, Irish clans also included unrelated clients of the chief.[3] These unrelated clients and their agnatic descendants were ineligible to be elected chief, but nonetheless assumed the name of the leading lineage as a show of allegiance.[4]
Many genealogies have been compiled over the centuries purporting to trace the ancestry of these clans. Among them are genealogies in Rawlinson B 502, the Book of Ballymote, the Book of Lecan, the Leabhar Mór na nGenealach compiled by Dubhaltach MacFhirbisigh, and the Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies. In all of these cases, the genealogies listed state the agnatic descent of the chiefs and chieftains, and not necessarily every member of the clan.
- ^ Nicholls (2003). pp. 8–11
- ^ Aitchison, N. B. (1994). "Kingship, Society, and Sacrality: Rank, Power, and Ideology in Early Medieval Ireland". Traditio. 49: 46. doi:10.1017/S036215290001299X.
- ^ Bhreathnach (2014). p. 79
- ^ Nash, Catherine (2006). "Irish origins, Celtic origins". Irish Studies Review. 14 (1): 11–37.