Back جرائم الحرب الإسرائيلية Arabic Crímenes de guerra israelíes Spanish جنایات جنگی اسرائیل Persian Crimes de guerre israéliens French Kejahatan perang Israel ID Israëlische oorlogsmisdaden Dutch Crimes de guerra israelenses Portuguese İsrail'in işlediği savaş suçları Turkish

Israeli war crimes

Israeli war crimes are violations of international criminal law, including war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of genocide, which Israeli security forces have committed or been accused of committing since the founding of Israel in 1948. These have included murder, intentional targeting of civilians, killing prisoners of war and surrendered combatants, indiscriminate attacks, collective punishment, starvation, persecution, the use of human shields, sexual violence and rape, torture, pillage, forced transfer, breach of medical neutrality, enforced disappearance, targeting journalists, attacking civilian and protected objects, wanton destruction, incitement to genocide, and genocide.

Ambulance destroyed in the neighborhood of Shuja'iyya in Gaza City during the 2014 Gaza War

Israel ratified the Geneva Conventions on 6 July 1951,[1] and on 2 January 2015 the State of Palestine acceded to the Rome Statute, granting the International Criminal Court (ICC) jurisdiction over war crimes committed in the occupied Palestinian territories.[2] Human rights experts argue that actions taken by the Israel Defense Forces during armed conflicts in the occupied Palestinian territories fall under the rubric of war crimes.[3] Special rapporteurs from the United Nations, organizations including Human Rights Watch, Médecins Sans Frontières, Amnesty International, and human rights experts have accused Israel of war crimes.[4]

Since 2006, the United Nations Human Rights Council has mandated several fact finding missions into violations of international law, including war crimes, in the occupied Palestinian territories, and in May 2021 established a permanent, ongoing inquiry.[5][6] Since 2021, the ICC has had an active investigation into Israeli war crimes committed in the occupied Palestinian territories.[7][8] Israel has refused to cooperate with the investigations.[9][10] In December 2023, South Africa invoked the 1948 Genocide Convention and charged Israel with war crimes and acts of genocide committed in the occupied Palestinian territories and Gaza Strip.[11][12][13] The case, South Africa v. Israel, was set to be heard at the International Court of Justice (ICJ),[14] and South Africa presented its case to the court on 10 January.[15] In March 2024, the UN special rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the occupied Palestinian territories found there were "reasonable grounds to believe that the threshold indicating the commission" of acts of genocide had been met.[16] In November 2024, the ICC issued arrest warrants for Benjamin Netanyahu and Yoav Gallant for war crimes and crimes against humanity.[17] In December 2024, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch accused Israel of genocide.[18][19][20]

  1. ^ "The Obligations of Israel and the Palestinian Authority Under International Law". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 13 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  2. ^ "Accountability for International Crimes in Palestine". ccrjustice.org. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  3. ^ "Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories". Amnesty International. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  4. ^ Attributed to multiple sources:
  5. ^ "Human Rights Council-mandated Investigative Bodies". OHCHR. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  6. ^ "The Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel". OHCHR. Archived from the original on 19 March 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  7. ^ "ICC opens 'war crimes' investigation in West Bank and Gaza". BBC News. 3 March 2021. Archived from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  8. ^ "ICC prosecutor says mandate applies to current Israel-Palestinian conflict". Reuters. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Israel, citing 'bias,' won't cooperate with UN rights team". Associated Press. 17 February 2022. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  10. ^ "Israel 'will not co-operate' with ICC war crimes investigation". BBC. 9 April 2021. Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  11. ^ Feleke, Bethlehem (29 December 2023). "South Africa files genocide case against Israel at International Court of Justice over Gaza war". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  12. ^ "Israel to defend itself at world court after South Africa files genocide accusations". PBS NewsHour. 2 January 2024. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  13. ^ "South Africa files ICJ case accusing Israel of 'genocidal acts'". BBC. 29 December 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  14. ^ Roelf, Wendell; Sterling, Toby (29 December 2023). "South Africa files genocide case against Israel at World Court". Reuters. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
  15. ^ "Israel officials support Gaza destruction, court hears". BBC News. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  16. ^ Albanese, Francesca (25 March 2024). "Anatomy of a Genocide". un.org. United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 October 2024. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
  17. ^ Situation in the State of Palestine: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I rejects the State of Israel's challenges to jurisdiction and issues warrants of arrest for Benjamin Netanyahu and Yoav Gallant, International Criminal Court, 21 November 2024, Wikidata Q131299834, archived from the original on 21 November 2024
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference Reuters HRW Genocide Water Deprivation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference HRW Genocide Water Deprivation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Amnesty International (2024). 'You Feel Like You Are Subhuman': Israel's Genocide Against Palestinians In Gaza (PDF) (Report). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 December 2024. Through its research findings and legal analysis, Amnesty International has found sufficient basis to conclude that Israel committed, during the nine-month period under review, prohibited acts under Articles II (a), (b) and (c) of the Genocide Convention, namely killing, causing serious bodily or mental harm and deliberately inflicting on Palestinians in Gaza conditions of life calculated to bring about their physical destruction in whole or in part. The organization has also found sufficient basis to conclude that these acts were committed with the specific intent to destroy Palestinians in Gaza, as such, who form a substantial part of the Palestinian population. According to Amnesty International, the evidence it has gathered provides a sufficient basis to conclude that Israel, through its policies, actions and omissions against Palestinians in Gaza following 7 October 2023, committed and is committing genocide. Although this report focused on a nine-month period, Amnesty International is unaware of evidence suggesting that Israel's policies, actions and omissions have changed in any significant way. The commission of genocide engages Israel's responsibility under the Genocide Convention.
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