Kuih

Kuih
Top left: Colourful kuih lapis in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Top right: Akaka handmade nyonya kuih from Johor, Malaysia
Middle: A cook making the kuih Malaya (apam balik) at a night market in Gadong, Brunei
Bottom: Kueh lapis in Singapore
Alternative namesKue (Indonesia), Kueh (Singapore, Hokkien and Teochew)
CourseSnack
Region or stateSoutheast Asia, China (Hong Kong) and Taiwan
Associated cuisineBrunei, China (Hong Kong), Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Indonesia (Kue)
Main ingredientsVarious traditional snacks
Similar dishesMont, Khanom, Bánh, Kakanin

Kuih (Jawi: کوءيه‎; Indonesian: kue; derived from the Hokkien and Teochew kueh – 粿) are bite-sized snack or dessert foods commonly found in Southeast Asia, Taiwan,[1][2] and China.[3] It is a fairly broad term which may include items that would be called cakes, cookies, dumplings, pudding, biscuits, or pastries in English and are usually made from rice or glutinous rice.[4][5] In China, where the term originates from, kueh or koé (粿) in the Min Nan languages (known as guǒ in Mandarin) refers to snacks which are typically made from rice but can occasionally be made from other grains such as wheat.[6][7] The term kuih is widely used in Malaysia,[8] Brunei,[9] and Singapore,[10] kueh is used in Singapore and Indonesia,[11] kue is used in Indonesia only,[5][12][13] all three refer to sweet or savoury desserts.[14]

Similar snacks are found throughout Southeast Asia, including the Burmese mont, Filipino kakanin, Thai khanom and Vietnamese bánh.[8][15] For example, the colourful steamed kue lapis and the rich kuih bingka ubi are also available in Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam albeit with each country localised name and ingredients.[8]

Kuihs are not confined to a certain meal but can be eaten throughout the day. They are an integral part of Malaysian,[16][17] Indonesian,[18][19] Bruneian,[20][21] and Singaporean festivities such as Hari Raya and Chinese New Year.[22][23][24] Many kuih are sweet, but some are savoury.[25] In the northern states of Kedah, Perak, Perlis, Kelantan, and Terengganu kuih (kuih-muih in Malay) are usually sweet.[26] In the central and southeast Peninsular states of Johor, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor, savoury kuih can be found.[27] Kuih are more often steamed than baked, and are thus very different in texture, flavour and appearance from Western cakes or puff pastries.[28] While many kuih in West Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei are made with the steamed method, which results in a soft texture, most kuih made by different indigenous groups from the Bornean island region of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia are often crunchy since most are produced through frying methods.[29]

  1. ^ Guanghua Pictorial Magazine 2024, p. 41.
  2. ^ Su, Lynn; Newell, Phil; Min-hsuan, Lin (2024). "Sweetness from Beyond the Sea". Taiwan Panorama. Archived from the original on 14 April 2025. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
  3. ^ Chee-Beng 2012, p. 128.
  4. ^ Teong 2016, p. 11.
  5. ^ a b Claire (27 March 2020). "All About Kueh Guide". Nyonya Cooking. Archived from the original on 14 April 2025. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  6. ^ Wu & Tan 2001, p. 141.
  7. ^ Toh, Terence (18 July 2021). "Kuih: What Is It And Where To Try It In Hong Kong". Tatler Asia. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  8. ^ a b c Toh, Terence (5 April 2022). "The Colourful History Of Malaysian Kuih-Muih". Tatler Asia. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
  9. ^ "Brunei's Traditional Sweet Treats You Must Try". Brunei Tourism. 6 May 2020. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  10. ^ "Food Fables: Kuih Yang Mana Satu?" [Cerita Pendek Makanan: Which One Kuih?]. Government of Singapore (in Malay). Retrieved 15 April 2025 – via Singapore Heritage Fest.
  11. ^ Lim 2019, pp. 39–57.
  12. ^ Tobing 2005, p. 4.
  13. ^ Boga 2013, pp. 17–153.
  14. ^ Roufs & Smyth Roufs 2014, pp. 623–664.
  15. ^ Oxford University Press 2015, pp. 166, 529 and 636.
  16. ^ Xavier, Lorna (2 July 2019). "17 Essential Kuih Hari Raya & Cookies Enjoyed By Malaysians". Cosmic Cookware. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  17. ^ Xavier, Lorna (24 January 2025). "15 Must-Have Chinese New Year Snacks in Malaysia". Cosmic Cookware. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  18. ^ Arif, Amira; Mahfud, Nurul (17 March 2025). "Deretan Kue Lebaran Favorit Masyarakat Indonesia" [A List of Favourite Indonesian Eid Kue]. rri.co.id (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  19. ^ "22 Kue Lebaran yang Paling Dicari! Favorit Semua Keluarga" [22 Most Wanted Eid Kue! Every Family's Favourite]. mitra10.com (in Indonesian). 28 February 2025. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  20. ^ "Traditional Raya treats slowly disappearing with changing times in Brunei". Borneo Bulletin. 8 April 2025. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025 – via The Star.
  21. ^ Wasil, Wardi (27 March 2025). "Sweet legacy". Borneo Bulletin. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  22. ^ Goh, Amanda (18 March 2025). "Hari Raya 2025: 15 places in Singapore to get delectable kuih raya to enjoy with friends and family". Tatler Asia. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  23. ^ "🌟 10 Essential Hari Raya Kuih You Can't Miss for Your Festive Feast! 🎉". Good Times DIY. 2 April 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  24. ^ Maan, Daween (13 January 2023). "8 Chinese New Year snacks and why we eat them". Tatler Asia. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  25. ^ Mok, Opalyn (27 March 2016). "Malaysian kuih: A marriage of flavours and cultures". The Malay Mail. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
  26. ^ Kamaruzaman, Mohd Yusof; Ab Karim, Shahrim; Che Ishak, Farah Adibah; Arshad, Mohd Mursyid (15 June 2020). "The diversity of traditional Malay kuih in Malaysia and its potentials". Journal of Ethnic Foods. 7. doi:10.1186/s42779-020-00056-2. S2CID 219771338.
  27. ^ Kamaruzaman, Mohd Yusof; Ab Karim, Muhammad Shahrim; Che Ishak, Farah Adibah; Arshad, Mohd Mursyid (2022). "Exposing the nuances of traditional Malay Kuih in Mersing district, Johor, Malaysia". Journal of Ethnic Foods. 9 (1:23): 4/12. doi:10.1186/s42779-022-00139-2.
  28. ^ "A Guide to Eating Malaysian Kuih (Local Cakes) for Vegans". Malaysian Vegans. Archived from the original on 14 April 2025. Retrieved 14 April 2025.
  29. ^ "Dari Sabah Ke Sarawak, Ini 7 Senarai Kuih Tradisional Khas Dari Borneo Yang Perlu Anda Cuba" [From Sabah to Sarawak, Here's a List of 7 Special Traditional Kuih from Borneo That You Need to Try]. ILoveBorneo.my (in Malay). 24 October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

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