Maltose

Maltose
	; α-Maltose
	; β-Maltose
Names
	IUPAC name 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose
	Systematic IUPAC name (3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxane-2,3,4-triol
Identifiers
CAS Number	69-79-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:17306 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1234209 ;
ChemSpider	388469 α-maltose ; 6019 β-maltose ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.651
EC Number	200-716-5;
KEGG	D00044;
PubChem CID	6255;
UNII	66Y63L379N ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID101018093 DTXSID1023233, DTXSID101018093 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1 Key: GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N ; InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1; Key: GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N;
	SMILES O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]1CO)[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO;
Properties
Chemical formula	C12H22O11
Molar mass	342.297 g·mol−1
Appearance	White powder or crystals
Density	1.54 g/cm3
Melting point	160 to 165 °C (320 to 329 °F; 433 to 438 K) (anhydrous); 102–103 °C (monohydrate)
Solubility in water	1.080 g/mL (20 °C)
Chiral rotation ([α]D)	+140.7° (H2O, c = 10)
Hazards
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Related	Sucrose; Lactose; Trehalose; Cellobiose
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Maltose (/ˈmɔːltoʊs/^[2] or /ˈmɔːltoʊz/^[3]), also known as maltobiose or malt sugar, is a disaccharide formed from two units of glucose joined with an α(1→4) bond. In the isomer isomaltose, the two glucose molecules are joined with an α(1→6) bond. Maltose is the two-unit member of the amylose homologous series, the key structural motif of starch. When beta-amylase breaks down starch, it removes two glucose units at a time, producing maltose. An example of this reaction is found in germinating seeds, which is why it was named after malt.^[4] Unlike sucrose, it is a reducing sugar.^[5]

^ Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. C-367. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
^ Dictionary Reference: maltose
^ Cambridge dictionary: maltose
^ Stoker, H. Stephen (2 January 2015). Organic and Biological Chemistry. Cengage Learning. ISBN 9781305686458.
^ Fruton, Joseph S (1999). Proteins, Enzymes, Genes: The Interplay of Chemistry and Biology. Chelsea, Michigan: Yale University Press. p. 144. ISBN 0300153597. Retrieved 21 October 2017.

[1] Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. C-367. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..

[2] Dictionary Reference: maltose

[3] Cambridge dictionary: maltose

[Stoker-4] Stoker, H. Stephen (2 January 2015). Organic and Biological Chemistry. Cengage Learning. ISBN 9781305686458.

[Fruton-5] Fruton, Joseph S (1999). Proteins, Enzymes, Genes: The Interplay of Chemistry and Biology. Chelsea, Michigan: Yale University Press. p. 144. ISBN 0300153597. Retrieved 21 October 2017.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Names
α-Maltose
β-Maltose
IUPAC name 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose
Systematic IUPAC name (3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxane-2,3,4-triol
Identifiers
CAS Number	69-79-4^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:17306^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1234209^N
ChemSpider	388469 α-maltose^Y 6019 β-maltose^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.651
EC Number	200-716-5
KEGG	D00044
PubChem CID	6255
UNII	66Y63L379N^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID101018093 DTXSID1023233, DTXSID101018093
InChI InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1^Y Key: GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N^Y InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11?,12-/m1/s1 Key: GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N
SMILES O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]1CO)[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO
Properties^[1]
Chemical formula	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Molar mass	342.297 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	White powder or crystals
Density	1.54 g/cm³
Melting point	160 to 165 °C (320 to 329 °F; 433 to 438 K) (anhydrous) 102–103 °C (monohydrate)
Solubility in water	1.080 g/mL (20 °C)
Chiral rotation ([α]_D)	+140.7° (H₂O, c = 10)
Hazards
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Related	Sucrose Lactose Trehalose Cellobiose
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references

Maltose

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