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In the May 1947 crises, also referred to as the exclusion crises, the Communists were excluded from government in Italy and France. The crises contributed to the start of the Cold War in Western Europe.[1][2]
- ^ Dijk, Ruud van; Gray, William Glenn; Savranskaya, Svetlana; Suri, Jeremi; Zhai, Qiang (13 May 2013). Encyclopedia of the Cold War. Routledge. p. 177. ISBN 978-1135923112.
- ^ Adereth, Maxwell (1984). The French Communist Party: A Critical History (1920-1984), from Comintern to "the Colours of France". Manchester University Press. pp. 144–146. ISBN 978-0-7190-1083-5.