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Measuring poverty

Map of world poverty by country, showing percentage of population living on less than $1.25 per day. Information is based on different years (2000-2006) for different countries. Data is missing for countries colored grey.
World map showing life expectancy.
World map showing the HDI (Human Development Index)
World map of income inequality Gini coefficients by country (as %). Based on World Bank data ranging from 1992 to 2020.[1]
  •   Above 50
  •   Between 45 and 50
  •   Between 40 and 45
  •   Between 35 and 40
  •   Between 30 and 35
  •   Below 30
  •   No data
The percentage of the world's population living on less than $1 per day has halved in 20 years. Most of this improvement has occurred in East and South Asia. The graph shows the 1981–2001 period.
Life expectancy has been increasing and converging for most of the world. Sub-Saharan Africa has recently seen a decline, partly related to the AIDS epidemic. The graph shows the 1950–2005 period.

Poverty is measured in different ways by different bodies, both governmental and nongovernmental. Measurements can be absolute, which references a single standard, or relative, which is dependent on context. Poverty is widely understood to be multidimensional, comprising social, natural and economic factors situated within wider socio-political processes.

The main poverty line used in the OECD and the European Union is a relative poverty measure based on 60% of the median household income. The United States uses a poverty measure based on pre-tax income and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's "economy food plan" by which 11% of Americans are living in poverty, but this is disputed.

The World Bank defines poverty in absolute terms. It defines extreme poverty as living on less than US$1.90 per day.[2] (PPP), and moderate poverty as less than $3.10 a day.

It has been estimated that in 2008, 1.4 billion people had consumption levels below US$1.25 a day and 2.7 billion lived on less than $2 a day.[needs update]

  1. ^ "Gini index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on 2022-04-23. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference worldbank2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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