Back الممالك الهندية الوسطى Arabic ভারতের আদি মধ্যযুগীয় রাজ্যসমূহ Bengali/Bangla Regnes mitjans de l'Índia Catalan Reinos medios de la India Spanish Antiquité et Moyen Âge indien French भारत के मध्य साम्राज्य Hindi 인도 중왕국 Korean Vidurinės Indijos karalystės Lithuanian ഇന്ത്യയിലെ മദ്ധ്യകാല സാമ്രാജ്യങ്ങൾ Malayalam भारतका मध्यकालीन राज्यहरू Nepali
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The Middle Kingdoms of India were the political entities that existed on the Indian subcontinent from 230 BCE to 1206 CE. The period began with the decline of the Maurya Empire and the corresponding rise of the Satavahana dynasty, initiated by Simuka in the 1st century BCE. The “middle” period lasted for over 1,200 years and concluded in 1206 CE with the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and the gradual decline of the Later Cholas, the last of whom, Rajendra Chola III, died in 1279 CE.
This period encompasses two eras: Classical India, from the Maurya Empire up until the end of the Gupta Empire in 500 CE, and early Medieval India from 500 CE onwards.[1] It also encompasses the era of classical Hinduism, which is dated from 200 BCE to 1100 CE.[2] From 1 CE until 1000 CE, India's economy is estimated to have been the largest in the world, having between one-third and one-quarter of the world's wealth.[3][4] This period was followed by the late Medieval period in the 13th century.
- ^ Stein, B. (27 April 2010), Arnold, D. (ed.), A History of India (2nd ed.), Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, p. 105, ISBN 978-1-4051-9509-6
- ^ Michaels, Axel (2004), Hinduism. Past and present, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, p. 32, ISBN 0691089523
- ^ "The World Economy (GDP): Historical Statistics by Professor Angus Maddison" (PDF). World Economy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
- ^ Maddison, Angus (2006). The World Economy – Volume 1: A Millennial Perspective and Volume 2: Historical Statistics. OECD Publishing by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. p. 656. ISBN 9789264022621. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2017.