Myliobatiformes

Camouflaged porcupine ray

Myliobatiformes (/mɪliˈɒbətɪfɔːrmz/), commonly known as stingrays, are one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.[1][2] They are members of the subclass elasmobranchs.[3] They were formerly included in the order Rajiformes, but more recent phylogenetic studies have shown the myliobatiformes to be a monophyletic group, and its more derived members evolved their highly flattened shapes independently of the skates.[4][5]

  1. ^ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. "Myliobatiformes". WoRMS. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  2. ^ "Order Summary for Myliobatiformes". FishBase. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  3. ^ "ITIS - Report: Myliobatiformes". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
  4. ^ Nelson, J.S. (2006). Fishes of the World (fourth ed.). John Wiley. pp. 69–82. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
  5. ^ Martin, R. Aidan. "Myliobatiformes: Stingrays". ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved 4 May 2018.

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