Back Omar Chajjam Afrikaans Omar Khayyām ALS ኦመር ሃያም Amharic Omar Khayyam AN عمر الخيام Arabic عمر الخيام ARZ ওমৰ খৈয়াম Assamese Omar Jayam AST Ömər Xəyyam Azerbaijani خیام AZB
Omar Khayyam | |
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| عمر خیّام | |
 Statue of Khayyam by Abolhassan Sadighi | |
| Born | 18 May 1048[1][2] |
| Died | 4 December 1131 (aged 83)[1][2] Nishapur, Khorasan, Seljuk Iran |
| Academic background | |
| Influences | |
| Academic work | |
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| Influenced | |
Ghiyāth al-Dīn Abū al-Fatḥ ʿUmar ibn Ibrāhīm Nīshābūrī[1][3] (18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131) (Persian: غیاث الدین ابوالفتح عمر بن ابراهیم خیام نیشابورﻯ), commonly known as Omar Khayyam (Persian: عمر خیّام),[a] was a Persian poet and polymath, known for his contributions to mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and Persian literature.[4]: 94 He was born in Nishapur, Iran and lived during the period of the Seljuk dynasty, around the time of the First Crusade.
As a mathematician, he is most notable for his work on the classification and solution of cubic equations, where he provided a geometric formulation based on the intersection of conics.[5] He also contributed to a deeper understanding of Euclid's parallel axiom.[6]: 284 As an astronomer, he calculated the duration of the solar year with remarkable precision and accuracy, and designed the Jalali calendar, a solar calendar with a very precise 33-year intercalation cycle[7]: 659 [b] which provided the basis for the Persian calendar that is still in use after nearly a millennium.
There is a tradition of attributing poetry to Omar Khayyam, written in the form of quatrains (rubāʿiyāt رباعیات). This poetry became widely known to the English-reading world in a translation by Edward FitzGerald (Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, 1859), which enjoyed great success in the Orientalism of the fin de siècle.
- ^ a b c Tikkanen, Amy (28 February 2023). "Omar Khayyam: Persian poet and astronomer". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
- ^ a b Nasr, S.H.; Aminrazavi, M.; with the assistance of M. R. Jozi (2008). An Anthology of Philosophy in Persia. Volume I: From Zoroaster to Omar Khayyam. London & New York: I.B. Tauris, in association with The Institute of Ismaili Studies London. ISBN 978-1-84511-541-8.
- ^ Dehkhoda, A.A. "Khayyam". Lūght-nāmah (in Persian). Tehran.
- ^ Levy, Reuben (2011) [1951]. The Persian Language. Routledge Library Editions: Iran, Volume: XV. London & New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-83301-8.
- ^ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (July 1999), "Omar Khayyam", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- ^ Struik, D.J. (1958). "Omar Khayyam, mathematician". The Mathematics Teacher. LII (4): 280–285. JSTOR 27955652.
- ^ Boyle, J.A. (2007) [1975]. "'Umar Khayyām: Astronomer, Mathematician and Poet". In Richard N. Frye (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran. Volume IV: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 658–664. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521200936.023. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.
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