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Introduction
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ (Amharic) | |
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| Anthem: [ወደፊት ገስግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ] Error: {{Lang}}: invalid parameter: |bold= (help) (English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia") | |
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| ISO 3166 code | ET |
Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Ethiopia covers a land area of 1,104,300 square kilometres (426,400 sq mi). As of 2024[update], it has around 132 million inhabitants, making it the tenth-most populous country in the world, the second-most populous in Africa after Nigeria, and the most populated landlocked country on Earth. The national capital and largest city, Addis Ababa, lies several kilometres west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the African and Somali tectonic plates.
Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out for the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period. In 980 BC, the Kingdom of D'mt extended its realm over Eritrea and the northern region of Ethiopia, while the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region for 900 years. Christianity was embraced by the kingdom in 330, and Islam arrived by the first Hijra in 615. After the collapse of Aksum in 960, the Zagwe dynasty ruled the north-central parts of Ethiopia until being overthrown by Yekuno Amlak in 1270, inaugurating the Ethiopian Empire and the Solomonic dynasty, claimed descent from the biblical Solomon and Queen of Sheba under their son Menelik I. By the 14th century, the empire had grown in prestige through territorial expansion and fighting against adjacent territories; most notably, the Ethiopian–Adal War (1529–1543) contributed to fragmentation of the empire, which ultimately fell under a decentralization known as Zemene Mesafint in the mid-18th century. Emperor Tewodros II ended Zemene Mesafint at the beginning of his reign in 1855, marking the reunification and modernization of Ethiopia. (Full article...)
Selected article -
The intercalary month or epagomenal days of the ancient Egyptian, Coptic, and Ethiopian calendars are a period of five days in common years and six days in leap years in addition to those calendars' 12 standard months, sometimes reckoned as their thirteenth month. They originated as a periodic measure to ensure that the heliacal rising of Sirius would occur in the 12th month of the Egyptian lunar calendar but became a regular feature of the civil calendar and its descendants. Coptic and Ethiopian leap days occur in the year preceding Julian and Gregorian leap years. (Full article...)
Selected biography -
Mikael Sehul (born Blatta Mikael; 1692 – 1784) was a nobleman who ruled Ethiopia for a period of 25 years as regent of a series of emperors. He was also a Ras or governor of Tigray 1748–71 and again from 1772 until his death. He was a major political figure during the reign of Emperor Iyasu II and his successors until almost the time of his death.
The Scottish explorer James Bruce met Mikael during his stay in Ethiopia, and recorded the following description of the Ras when he granted Bruce an audience:
(Full article...)"We went in, and saw the old man sitting upon a sofa; his white hair was dressed in many short curls. He appeared to be thoughtful, but not displeased; his face was lean, his eyes quick and vivid, but seemed to be a little sore from exposure to the weather. he seemed to be about six feet high, though his lameness made it difficult to guess with accuracy. His air was perfectly free from constraint, what the French call degagée. In face and person he was liker my learned and worthy friend, the Count de Buffon, than any two men I ever saw in the world. They must have been bad physiognomists that did not discern his capacity and understanding by his very countenance. Every look conveyed a sentiment with it: he seemed to have no occasion for other language, and indeed spoke little."
General images -
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Köppen climate classification of Ethiopia (from Ethiopia) -
The Federal Supreme Court is the highest court determining constitutionality of ordeals in the nation. (from Ethiopia) -
A Walia Ibex in Simien Mountains National Park, one of the national symbols of Ethiopia, found only in the north of the country (from Ethiopia) -
A Homo sapiens idaltu hominid skull (from Ethiopia) -
Development of GDP per capita (from Ethiopia) -
Relief map of Ethiopia (from Ethiopia) -
The Blue Nile falls during winter provides over 86 percent of the Nile river's water coming from melted snow in the Simien mountains below 0. (from Ethiopia) -
The Church of Saint George, Lalibela, a pilgrimage site for Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church; the site is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela". (from Ethiopia) -
Sheger Park is the largest park in the country, hosting hundreds of thousands of visitors a year since its opening. (from Ethiopia) -
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The African Union Headquarters located in Addis Ababa. Since its conception, Ethiopia is a founding member to the AU. (from Ethiopia) -
Fasil Ghebbi, one of the key castles of the Gondarine period (from Ethiopia) -
Ethiopian civil conflict: territorial control as of September 2023 (from Ethiopia) -
Addis Ababa seen at nighttime, the financial epicenter of the country (from Ethiopia) -
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Emperor Haile Selassie I with U.S. president Roosevelt during the end of World War II (from Ethiopia) -
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Entrance of Addis Ababa University (from Ethiopia) -
Addis Ababa seen from the air, 2024 (from Ethiopia) -
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Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi (bottom row, fourth from left) in G8 Group meeting in 2007 (from Ethiopia) -
An Ethiopian logistics shipping cargo docked at the Red Sea (from Ethiopia) -
Cultural performance in Addis Ababa (from Ethiopia) -
The Addis Ababa Science Museum of Art and Science serves as the country's biggest hub which showcases the country's newest innovations. (from Ethiopia) -
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Over 6 million residents live in Addis Ababa, the epicenter of the nation's economy. (from Ethiopia) -
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam constructed between 2011 and 2023, set to be the largest dam in Africa (from Ethiopia) -
Ethiopian troops sent by the government under the Emperor Haile Selassie I during the Korean War fighting for South Korean independence (from Ethiopia) -
The Ethiopian New Year or Enkutatash is celebrated with the adey abeba flower symbolising a new beginning, each year across the country. (from Ethiopia) -
Declining child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia since 1950 (from Ethiopia) -
The Empire of Axum at its peak in the 6th century (from Ethiopia) -
The Aksumite Steles served as an official maker for the Emperors of Ethiopia during the time of the Aksumite Empire. (from Ethiopia) -
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Mengistu Haile Mariam was sentenced to death in absentia for committing crimes during his rule. (from Ethiopia) -
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House of Peoples' Representatives is the lower house of the Ethiopian Federal Parliamentary Assembly. (from Ethiopia) -
The Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation, former headquarters in Addis Ababa (from Ethiopia) -
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- This page lists deletion discussions on topics relating to Ethiopia
Selected pictures
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The black-headed lapwing (Vanellus tectus tectus) is a resident breeder located across sub-Saharan Africa, living in locations ranging from Senegal to Ethiopia.
Photo credit: Charles J. Sharp -
Saint George (died 23 April 303) was a soldier of Cappadocian Greek origin. A member of Roman emperor Diocletian's Praetorian Guard, he was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith. He is immortalised in the legend of Saint George and the Dragon and his feast day is celebrated on 23 April. Saint George is claimed as their patron saint by England, Ethiopia, Georgia, Catalonia and several other nation states, as well as by various cities, universities, professions and organisations.
Painting credit: Carlo Crivelli -
The black-chested snake eagle (Circaetus pectoralis) is a large African bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. It resembles other snake eagles and was formerly considered conspecific with the short-toed and Beaudouin's snake eagles, to which it is closely related. As well as feeding on snakes, which may be swallowed while still alive, it feeds on lizards, small mammals, frogs and insects. It typically perches in an elevated position ready to swoop silently to capture its prey, before returning to its perch to eat.
Photo credit: Charles J. Sharp -
Haile Selassie I was Ethiopia's regent from 1916 to 1930 and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. The heir to a dynasty that traced its origins to the 13th century, and from there by tradition back to King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, he is a defining figure in both Ethiopian and African history. Selassie is revered as the religious symbol for God incarnate among the Rastafari movement, whose name comes from Ras (literally "Head," an Ethiopian title equivalent to Duke), and Tafari Makonnen, Selassie's pre-coronation name.
Photo credit: American Colony, Jerusalem -
The plains zebra (Equus quagga, subspecies Grant's zebra pictured) is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra. It ranges from the south of Ethiopia through East Africa to as far south as Angola and eastern South Africa. The plains zebra is mid-sized, smaller on average than the other two zebra species, and thick-bodied with relatively short legs. Adults of both sexes can stand from 1.1 to 1.47 m (3.6 to 4.8 ft) high at the shoulder, are 2 to 2.5 m (6.6 to 8.2 ft) long (excluding the tail), and weigh 175 to 387 kg (386 to 853 lb), with males slightly heavier than females.
Photo credit: Muhammad Mahdi Karim
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Did you know -
- ... that Liberian paramount chief Tamba Taylor worked as a tailor and claimed to have sewn clothes for Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie and Ghanaian president Kwame Nkrumah?
- ... that Quintin Johnstone advocated giving control of an American-governed law school to native Ethiopians?
- ... that Aguil Chut-Deng took 22 child refugees from South Sudan to Ethiopia during civil war so that they could attend school?
- ... that the government of Ethiopia's SNNP Region supported local governments calling for a referendum to secede from the region?
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