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Progressivism (Korean: 진보주의; Hanja: 進步主義; RR: Jinbojuui) in South Korea is a left-leaning political ideology, broadly associated with social democracy, cultural progressivism, and left-wing nationalism.[1] It advocates for the promotion of social equality and welfare, economic justice, the protection of human rights and minority groups, peace and the reunification of the Korean Peninsula, as well as environmental sustainability.
Modern South Korean progressivism emerged and took shape during the resistance to military dictatorship and became a distinct political movement in the 1990s.[2] As the pro-democracy student activists from the 1970s and 1980s matured into progressive political leadership, their views on society, history, economy, and foreign policy feature prominently in progressive narratives. Domestically, progressives promote economic justice and labor rights in response to the dominance of chaebols in Korean economy, stemming from dirigisme during military dictatorships. Internationally, they take a conciliatory stance toward North Korea and have developed anti-American sentiments through college, viewing the United States as a supporter of the authoritarian regimes during pro-democracy struggles.[3] The more progressive faction of the movement calls for the withdrawal of the US troops stationed in South Korea.
Historically, there have been communist elements within the progressive movement, but they have been largely powerless in contemporary South Korean politics.[4]
- ^ 현연, 조. 2019. 한국 진보 정당 운동사. 후마니타스. pp. 134-134, 141-142
- ^ Kim, Sang (February 22, 2022). "The Foreign Policy Outlook of South Korean Progressives: Part II". Korea Economic Institute of America. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
- ^ Chae, Haesook; Kim, Steven (2008). "Conservatives and Progressives in South Korea". The Washington Quarterly. 31 (4): 77–95. doi:10.1162/wash.2008.31.4.77. ISSN 0163-660X.
- ^ 현연, 조. 2019. 한국 진보 정당 운동사. 후마니타스. pp. 198-199, 221-222