Reformed Baptists

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Reformed Baptists, also called Particular Baptists, or Calvinist Baptists,^[1] are Baptists that hold to a Calvinist soteriology (salvation belief teached by John Calvin).^[2] The name "Reformed Baptist" dates from the latter part of the 20th century to denote Baptists who retained a Baptist ecclesiology, and reaffirmed Reformed biblical theology, such as Covenant theology. Calvinist Baptists adhere to varying degrees of Reformed theology, ranging from simply embracing the Five Points of Calvinism, to accepting the Baptist covenant theology; all Reformed Baptists reject the classical Reformed teaching on infant baptism, meaning that they reject infants as the proper subjects of baptism.^[3] The first Calvinist Baptist church was formed in the 1630s.^[1]

Reformed Baptists have produced two major confessions of faith as summary of their beliefs: The Second London Confession of Faith (1689) and the First London Confession of Faith (1644).^[1] Benjamin Keach, John Gill and Charles Spurgeon were some of the most proeminent theologians for the Calvinist Baptist strand in England. Together with the General Baptists, the first strand, they form the Baptist tradition.