Back فرط التبريد Arabic Пераахалоджаная вадкасць Byelorussian Subfusió Catalan Podchlazení (termodynamika) Czech Underafkøling (fysik) Danish Unterkühlung (Thermodynamik) German Superfandiĝo Esperanto Sobrefusión Spanish Allajahtumine Estonian ابرسرمایش Persian
Supercooling,[1] also known as undercooling,[2][3] is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. Per the established international definition, supercooling means ‘cooling a substance below the normal freezing point without solidification’. [4][5] While it can be achieved by different physical means, the postponed solidification is most often due to the absence of seed crystals or nuclei around which a crystal structure can form. The supercooling of water can be achieved without any special techniques other than chemical demineralization, down to −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F). Supercooled water can occur naturally, for example in the atmosphere, animals or plants.
This phenomenon was first identified in 1724 by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, while developing Fahrenheit scale.[6][7]
- ^ Gomes, Gabriel O.; H. Stanley, Eugene; Souza, Mariano de (2019-08-19). "Enhanced Grüneisen Parameter in Supercooled Water". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 12006. arXiv:1808.00536. Bibcode:2019NatSR...912006O. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48353-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6700159. PMID 31427698.
- ^ Rathz, Tom. "Undercooling". NASA. Archived from the original on 2009-12-02. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
- ^ Science Mission Directorate (April 23, 2001). "Look Ma — No Hands!: What is "Undercooling"?". NASA Science. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
- ^ IIR International Dictionary of Refrigeration, http://dictionary.iifiir.org/search.php Archived 2019-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ ASHRAE Terminology, https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/free-resources/ashrae-terminology
- ^ "Experimental explanation of supercooling : why water does not freeze in the clouds". www.esrf.fr. Retrieved 2025-03-26.
- ^ Wunderlich, Bernhard (2007-09-15). "One hundred years research on supercooling and superheating". Thermochimica Acta. 9th Laehnwitzseminar 2006 Special Issue. 461 (1): 4–13. Bibcode:2007TcAc..461....4W. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2006.11.015. ISSN 0040-6031.