Back توحيدية عالمية Arabic توحيديه عالميه ARZ Unitarismu universalista AST Universalizmo uniteryen DIQ Unitaria Universalismo Esperanto Unitarismo universalista Spanish جهان‌گرایی توحیدگرا Persian Unitaariuniversalismi Finnish Universalisme unitarien French אוניברסליזם אוניטריאני HE

Unitarian Universalism

This article is about the liberal religious movement. For the Christian theology which includes a central belief in the unitary nature of God, see Unitarianism. For the Christian theology that includes a central belief in universal reconciliation, see Christian universalism. For other uses of Unitarianism, see Unitarian. For Universalism as a general philosophy, see Universalism.

Unitarian Universalism
An early logo of the Unitarian Universalist Association which includes a flaming chalice, its most widely used symbol
AbbreviationUUism[1]
TypeLiberal religion[1][2]
OrientationMix of Protestant, liberal, progressive, and pluralist[1][2][3]
ScriptureOfficially none;[2] religious principles and moral teachings were historically drawn from the Six Sources[4]
FounderMembers of the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America via consolidation[2][5]
OriginMay 1961[5]
Congregations1,048 worldwide
Number of followers148,232 members of Unitarian Universalist Association congregations in the United States; 800,000 identify as Unitarian Universalist worldwide (including the U.S.).[6]

Unitarian Universalism (otherwise referred to as UUism[1] or UU)[7][8][9] is a liberal religious movement[1] characterized by a "free and responsible search for truth and meaning".[10][11] Unitarian Universalists assert no creed,[2] but instead are unified by their shared search for spiritual growth.[1][3][12] Unitarian Universalists do not have an official, unified corpus of sacred texts.[2] Unitarian Universalist congregations include many atheists, agnostics, deists, and theists; there are churches, fellowships, congregations, and societies around the world.[1][12]

The roots of Unitarian Universalism can be traced back to Protestantism[2][13] and liberal Christianity;[1][2] more specifically, it can be traced to Unitarianism and Christian Universalism.[2] Unitarian Universalists state that from these traditions comes a deep regard for intellectual freedom and inclusive love.[3][12] Congregations and members seek inspiration and derive insight from all major world religions.[1][12][14] The beliefs of individual Unitarian Universalists range widely; they can include, but are not limited to, religious humanism,[1][2][12][15] Judaism,[4] Christianity,[4] Islam,[16] Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Taoism, syncretism,[1] neopaganism,[1][12] atheism,[1] agnosticism,[1] New Age,[1][12] omnism, pantheism, panentheism, pandeism, deism, and teachings of the Baháʼí Faith.[17]

The Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) was formed in 1961 through the consolidation of the American Unitarian Association, established in 1825, and the Universalist Church of America,[5] established in 1793.[2] The UUA is headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts; and serves churches mostly in the United States. A group of thirty Philippine congregations is represented as a sole member within the UUA. The Canadian Unitarian Council (CUC) became an independent body in 2002.[18] The UUA and CUC were two of the seventeen members of the now defunct International Council of Unitarians and Universalists (1995–2021).[19]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Casebolt, James; Niekro, Tiffany (March 2005). "Some UUs Are More U than U: Theological Self-Descriptors Chosen by Unitarian Universalists". Review of Religious Research. 46 (3). Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag: 235–242. doi:10.2307/3512553. ISSN 2211-4866. JSTOR 3512553. S2CID 147127153.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Willsky-Ciollo, Lydia (2015). "Epilogue: Seeking Authority in Contemporary Unitarian Universalism". American Unitarianism and the Protestant Dilemma: The Conundrum of Biblical Authority. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. pp. 241–245. ISBN 978-0-7391-8892-7. LCCN 2015952384.[permanent dead link‍]
  3. ^ a b c Hoop, Katrina C. (Spring 2012). "Being a Community of Individuals: Collective Identity and Rhetorical Strategies in a Unitarian Universalist Church". International Review of Modern Sociology. 38 (1). International Journals: 105–130. ISSN 0973-2047. JSTOR 43499872.
  4. ^ a b c Muck, Terry C. (2016). "Mission Trajectories in the Twenty-First Century: Interfaith Roads Best Traveled". In van Engen, Charles E. (ed.). The State of Missiology Today: Global Innovations in Christian Witness. Downers Grove, Illinois: IVP Academic. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-8308-5096-9. LCCN 2016037715. The Unitarian Universalist Association, a Christian denomination, seeks wisdom from six sources: personal experience, prophetic utterances, world religions, Jewish and Christian teachings, humanist teachings, and spiritual teachings.
  5. ^ a b c Harvard Divinity School Library: Significant Events in the Consolidation of the Unitarian and Universalist Churches
  6. ^ "UUA membership rises for first time since 2008". November 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
  7. ^ "Believe". Introduction. United Kingdom: Unitarian. Archived from the original on 5 June 2014.
  8. ^ "Unitarianism and Unitarian congregations". South Africa: Unitarian. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  9. ^ "Unitarian Universalist Principles and Sources". Canadian Unitarian Council. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  10. ^ "4th Principle: A Free and Responsible Search for Truth and Meaning". Unitarian Universalist Association. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  11. ^ "7th Principle: Respect for the interdependent web of all existence of which we are a part". UUA. 15 September 2014.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g Lee, Richard Wayne (Winter 1995). "Strained Bedfellows: Pagans, New Agers, and "Starchy Humanists" in Unitarian Universalism". Sociology of Religion. 56 (4). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association for the Sociology of Religion: 379–396. doi:10.2307/3712196. ISSN 1759-8818. JSTOR 3712196. LCCN 93642782. OCLC 30932266. S2CID 170915346.
  13. ^ Buehrens, John A. (8 March 2010). "Sacred Texts in Unitarian Universalism". UUA.org. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  14. ^ "Unitarian-Universalism". Adherents. Major religions ranked by size. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ Murry, William R. (2017). "History and Core Beliefs: One Hundred Years of Unitarian Universalist Humanism". In Gibbons, Kendyl L. R.; Murry, William R. (eds.). Humanist Voices in Unitarian Universalism. Boston: Skinner House Books. pp. 3–9. ISBN 978-1-55896-783-0. LCCN 2016039272.
  16. ^ "Muslim Unitarian Universalists". 15 September 2014.
  17. ^ Our Minister, Unitarian Universalist Fellowship of Los Gatos, 6 September 2013, archived from the original on 1 December 2020, retrieved 2 February 2015
  18. ^ "CUC-UUA Transition – Canadian Unitarian Council". cuc.ca. Archived from the original on 19 February 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  19. ^ Daniel McKanan, "Unitarianism, Universalism, and Unitarian Universalism", Religion Compass 7/1 (2013), 15.
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