Delta (jiha)

Delta
Delta State (en)
Wuri
5°30′N 6°00′E / 5.5°N 6°E / 5.5; 6
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Najeriya
Babban birni	Asaba
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	5,663,362 (2016)
• Yawan mutane	320 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Turanci
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	17,698 km²
Sun raba iyaka da	Jahar Ondo jahar Edo Jahar Anambra Jihar rivers Jahar Bayelsa
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	Bendel State (en)
Ƙirƙira	27 ga Augusta, 1991
Tsarin Siyasa
Majalisar zartarwa	Delta State Executive Council (en)
Gangar majalisa	Delta State House of Assembly (en)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	320001
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+01:00 Lokacin Yammacin Turai
Lamba ta ISO 3166-2	NG-DE
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	deltastate.gov.ng

Jihar Delta Jiha ce dake kudu maso kudancin Najeriya. Jihar ta samo sunanta ne daga yankin Niger Delta^[1] - wacce mafi akasarinta ke cikin jihar. An kirkiri jihar ne daga yankin tsohuwar Jihar Bendel a ranar ashirin da bakwai 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da daya 1991. Jihar Delta ta hada iyaka da Jihar Edo daga arewa, daga gabas kuma da jihohin Anambra da Rivers, sannan daga kudu kuma da Jihar Bayelsa, sannan daga yamma kuma da yankin Bright of Benin,^[2] wacce ta mamaye a kalla kilomita dari da sittin 160 na yankin ruwayen garin. An kirkiri jihar ne daga farko da kananan hukumomi Sha biyar 15 a shekarar 1991, sai daga baya aka kara ta koma sha tara 19, sannan daga bisani kuma zuwa kananan hukumomi ashirin da biyar. Babban birnin Jihar itace Asaba wacce ke yankin Kogin Neje daga karshen arewa maso Gabashin jihar, a yayin da Warri ke taka rawa a matsayi cibiyar kasuwancin daga kudu maso yammacin gabar ruwan jihar.

Acikin jihohi talatin da shida 36 da ke a kasar Najeriya, Jihar Delta ita ce ta ashirin da uku a fadin kasa kuma ita ce ta sha biyu 12 a yawan jama'a da mutane kimanin miliyan biyar da dugo shida 5.6 a bisa kiyasin kidayar shekara ta dubu biyu da sha shida 2016.^[3] Jihar, ta fuskar yanayin kasa ta kasu zuwa Mangrove na Afirka ta tsakiya daga yankin ruwa na kudu maso yamma da kuma dajika masu kwari irin na Najeriya wacce ta mamaye daukacin jihar da kuma dazuka masu fadama daga kuryar Kudancin jihar. Wani muhimmi al'amari a jihar sune gabar Kogin Neja da rassan sa da kuma Sauran ruwayen kaman Kogin Forçados wanda ke gudana daga yammaci da gabashin iyakokin Jihar Delta kuma ya fada Kogin Neja, da kuma Kogin Escravos wacce ke kwarara ta Warri sa'annan kuma yawancin yankunan ruwayen garin na dauke ne da dimbin dananan rafuka wadanda suka samar da akasarin yammacin Niger Delta. Mafi akasarin dabbobi da ake samu a yankin sun hada da; kadoji, tsuntsaye Parrot, nauyin kerkeci na African fish eagle, da birai na Mona, da kuma damisan Afirka, da kuma nau'in biran chimpanzee na Najeriya da Kamaru.^[4][5]

Jihar Delta ta yau ta kunshi kabilu da dama na tsawon lokaci wanda suka hada da kabilar Isoko da Harshen Eruwa wanda suka mamaye yankunan tsakiyar jihar; kabilar Ukwuani daga gabas; yayinda kabilar Ika, Olukumi da kuma Ozanogogo suka mamaye arewa maso Gabashin jihar; Anioma daga arewa maso yamma; kabilu Ijaw, Itsekiri, Urhobo, da Uvwie daga yankin arewa maso yamma. Kafin zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau ta kasu zuwa masarautu masu mulkin kansu kamar su MasaraWarri da Masarautar Agbon kafin su zamo yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Oil River Protectorate a shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da hudu 1884. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara 1900, Turawa sun hade yankin (wato Niger Coast Protectorate) da yankin Mulkin Mallakan Turawa na Kudu wacce daga bisani ta zamo Najeriya ta Burtaniya. Duk da haka, Turawan mulkin mallaka basu gama samun cikakken iko akan yankin ba sai a shekarar 1910 a dalilin rikice-rikicen Ekumeku Movement. Kamar yadda aka sani, acikin Jihar Delta akwai yankunan da ke karkashin ikon kasar Faransa wanda turawan Burtaniya suka sake wa Faransa Yankunan Forcados da Badjibo a tasakanin shekara ta 1903 zuwa shekara ta 1930.

Bayan samun 'yancin kai, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau na daga cikin yankin Jihar Yammacin Najeriya bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1963, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya ta Najeriya. Haka zalika a shekarar 1967 ne yankin Inyamurai watau tsohuwar Yankin Gabashin Najeriya ta suka so kafa sabuwar kasar Biyafara kuma suka kaiwa Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya hari tare da nufin kame Jihar Lagos kuma su kawo karshen Yakin amma an hanasu kuma an kora su na dan lokaci amma daga baya suka kame yankin (harda Jihar Delta ta yau) suka rada mata suna Tarayyar Benin. Acikin wannan hali, anyi kazamin barna a tsakanin sojojin Biyafara da kuma mutane mazauna yankin Jihar Delta ta yau, tare da kisan gilla da 'yan Bifara ke yiwa 'yan ainihin kabilun Hausa, Urhobo da kuma Kabilar Ijaw; haka zalika, sojojin Najeriya a yayin amsar jihar sun gudanar da Kisan kiyashin Asaba ga mutanen asalin yaren Igbo. Yakin ya kawo karshe kuma an mayar da Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya cikin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka sauya mata suna zuwa Jihar Bendel. A shekarar 1991, an raba Jihar Bendel, arewacinta ta zamo Jihar Edo, yayinda kudancinta ta zamo Jihar Delta.^[6]

Tattalin arzikin jihar^[7] sun ta'allaka ne akan samar da man fetur da gas, a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman jihohin dake samar da man fetur a Nejeriya.^[8] Kadan daga cikin muhimman masana'antun sun hada da noma yayin da jihar ke samar da isashhen manja, doya da rogo dangane da kamun/kiwon kifi da samar da fure. Dangane da albarkacin man fetur, jihar ita ce ta hudu acikin Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a a kasar; duk da haka, rikice-rikice tsakanin kamfanonin mai da kuma mutanen garin sun kawo cikas dangane da cin hanci da rashawa wanda suka janyo rashin ci gaba musamman a yankunan da ake hako man.^[9][10]

1. ↑ "Niger Delta | geographical region, Africa | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-03-04.
2. ↑ "Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
3. ↑ "Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 December dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021.
4. ↑ Lameed, GA (2009). "Potential impact on biodiversity in kwale's forest reserve by power plant establishments". African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 9 (30): 1878–1900. doi:10.18697/ajfand.30.1750. S2CID 240141039. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
5. ↑ Ijeomah, HM; Oruh, EK (2015). "Wildlife based business activities in Ogbe–Ijaw market of Delta state, Nigeria". Journal of Agriculture and Social Research. 12 (2). Retrieved 19 December 2021.
6. ↑ "This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.
7. ↑ "Brief History of Delta State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
8. ↑ Akanbi, Festus (19 September 2021). "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". ThisDay. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
9. ↑ "Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
10. ↑ Ebiri, Kelvin (17 November 2019). "Oil-producing communities reek of poverty despite over N10t 13% derivation". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 December2021.