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 Gurbacewar ruwa | |
|---|---|
type of pollution (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Gurɓacewa, water pollution (en) da environmental pollution (en) |
| Class of object(s) of occurrence (en) |
ocean (en) |
Gurbacewar ruwa (ko gurɓatar ruwa) ita ce gurɓatawar ruwa, yawanci sakamakon ayyukan ɗan Adam, ta yadda hakan yayi illa ga amfaninsa. :6Jikunan ruwa sun haɗa da tabkuna, koguna, tekuna, magudanan ruwa, tafki da ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa kasa . Rashin gurɓataccen ruwa yana haifar da lokacin da gurɓataccen abu ya haɗu da waɗannan jikunan ruwa. Gurɓatawa na iya fitowa daga ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin guda huɗu: magudanar ruwa, ayyukan masana'antu, ayyukan noma, da kwararar ruwa a birane ciki har da ruwan sama .[1] Gurbacewar ruwa ko dai gurbacewar ruwa ce ko kuma gurbatar ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Wannan nau'i na gurbatar yanayi na iya haifar da matsaloli da yawa, kamar gurɓatar halittun ruwa ,ko yaɗuwar cututtukan da ke haifar da ruwa lokacin da mutane ke amfani da gurɓataccen ruwa, don sha ko ban ruwa .[2] Wata matsala kuma ita ce, gurbacewar ruwa na rage ayyukan muhalli ,(kamar samar da ruwan sha ) da albarkatun ruwa za su samar.
Tushen gurɓacewar ruwa ko dai tushen maki ne ko kuma wuraren da ba su da tushe . Maɓuɓɓuka masu tushe suna da dalili guda ɗaya da za a iya gane su, kamar guguwa magudanar ruwa, wurin sarrafa ruwan sha ko zubewar mai . Madogaran da ba su da ma'ana sun fi yaɗuwa, kamar zubar ruwan noma .[3] Lalacewa shine sakamakon tarawar tasirin akan lokaci. Gurɓatawa na iya ɗaukar nau'in abubuwa masu guba, (misali, man fetur, karafa, robobi, magungunan kashe qwari, gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi, samfuran sharar masana'antu), yanayin damuwa (misali, canje-canje na pH, hypoxia ko anoxia, yawan zafin jiki, (
turbidity) mai yawa, canje-canje na salini ), ko shigar da kwayoyin cuta . Masu gurɓatawa na iya haɗawa da kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan da ba a haɗa su ba . Dalili na yau da kullun na gurɓataccen zafin jiki shine amfani da ruwa azaman sanyaya ta masana'antar wutar lantarki da masana'antu.[4]
Gudanar da gurɓataccen ruwa yana buƙatar abubuwan da suka dace da tsare- tsaren gudanarwa da kuma dokoki. Hanyoyin fasaha na iya haɗawa da inganta tsaftar tsafta, kula da najasa, masana'antu da ruwa da ruwa, aikin noma da ruwa, kula da yashwa, kula da ruwa da kuma kula da zubar da ruwa na birane (ciki har da sarrafa ruwa).
- ↑ Charles Sheppard, ed. (2019). World seas : an Environmental Evaluation. III, Ecological Issues and Environmental Impacts (Second ed.). London. ISBN 978-0128052044. OCLC 1052566532.
- ↑ Duce, Robert, Galloway, J. and Liss, P. (2009). "The Impacts of Atmospheric Deposition to the Ocean on Marine Ecosystems and Climate WMO Bulletin Vol 58 (1)". Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved September 22, 2020.
- ↑ "What is the biggest source of pollution in the ocean?". National Ocean Service (US). Silver Spring, MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
- ↑ Breitburg, Denise; Levin, Lisa A.; Oschlies, Andreas; Grégoire, Marilaure; Chavez, Francisco P.; Conley, Daniel J.; Garçon, Véronique; Gilbert, Denis; Gutiérrez, Dimitri; Isensee, Kirsten; Jacinto, Gil S. (2018-01-05). "Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters". Science (in Turanci). 359 (6371): eaam7240. Bibcode:2018Sci...359M7240B. doi:10.1126/science.aam7240. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 29301986.