New Jersey

New Jersey
State
State of New Jersey
Flag Seal
Nickname:  The Garden State[1]
Motto(s):  Liberty and prosperity
Anthem: Hail, New Netherland
Map of the United States with New Jersey highlighted
Country	United States
Before statehood	Province of New Jersey
Admitted to the Union	December 18, 1787 (3rd)
Capital	Trenton
Largest city	Newark
Largest metro and urban areas	Greater New York
Government
• Governor	Phil Murphy (D)
• Lieutenant Governor	Tahesha Way (D)
Legislature	New Jersey Legislature
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	General Assembly
U.S. senators	Cory Booker (D) George Helmy (D)
U.S. House delegation	10 Democrats 2 Republicans (list)
Area
• Total	8,722.58 sq mi (22,591.38 km2)
• Land	7,354.22 sq mi (19,047.34 km2)
• Water	1,368.36 sq mi (3,544.04 km2)  15.7%
• Rank	47th
Dimensions
• Length	170 mi (273 km)
• Width	70 mi (112 km)
Elevation	250 ft (80 m)
Highest elevation (High Point[2][3])	1,803 ft (549.6 m)
Lowest elevation (Atlantic Ocean[2])	0 ft (0 m)
Population  (2023)
• Total	13,082,190
• Rank	13th
• Density	1,210.10/sq mi (700/km2)
• Rank	1st
• Median household income	$79,363
• Income rank	3rd
Demonym(s)	New Jerseyan (official),[4] New Jerseyite[5][6]
Language
• Official language	English
• Spoken language	English (only) 69.4% Tagalog 15.9% Indic 2.7% Chinese 1.5% Korean 1.1% French 0.97% Spanish 0.94% Portuguese 0.91% Italian 0.83% Arabic 0.76% Polish 0.72% Russian 0.57%[7]
Time zone	UTC−05:00 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−04:00 (EDT)
USPS abbreviation	NJ
ISO 3166 code	US-NJ
Traditional abbreviation	N.J.
Latitude	38°56′ N to 41°21′ N
Longitude	73°54′ W to 75°34′ W
Website	nj.gov

New Jersey state symbols
Flag of New Jersey
Living insignia
Bird	Eastern goldfinch[8]
Fish	Brook trout[9]
Flower	Viola sororia
Insect	Western honey bee
Mammal	Horse
Tree	Quercus rubra (northern red oak),[10] dogwood (memorial tree)
Inanimate insignia
Colors	Buff and blue
Folk dance	Square dance
Food	Blueberry (state fruit)
Fossil	Hadrosaurus foulkii
Soil	Downer[11]
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 1999
Lists of United States state symbols

New Jersey is one of the 50 states of the United States of America. It is in the northeastern section of the country along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It is a geographically small state, shaped like a letter [S], and bordered on the west by Pennsylvania and Delaware across the Delaware River, on the north by New York, on the northeast by the Hudson River and New York City, on the east and southeast by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the southwest by Delaware Bay.

The capital of New Jersey is Trenton and the largest city is Newark, though New Jersey is better known for bordering the large cities of New York City and Philadelphia. The state nickname is "The Garden State". The current governor is Phil Murphy.^[12]

New Jersey is the fourth smallest state, but has the eleventh highest number of people. It therefore has the highest population density (number of people for the amount of land) in the United States. New Jersey is also well known for its beaches,^[13] industries, swamps, and pine forests.

The climate is hot and humid summers and cold winters, with about 47 in (1,200 mm) of precipitation every year. The average temperature in the summer is between 82 °F (28 °C) and 87 °F (31 °C), and in winter around 16 °F (-9 °C) to 34 °F (1 °C).^[14]

1. ↑ The Garden State and Other New Jersey State Nicknames Archived September 2, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, Robert Lupp, New Jersey Reference Services, New Jersey State Library, October 12, 1994.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
3. ↑ Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
4. ↑ "GPO Style Manual 2008" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
5. ↑ "New Jersey—Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
6. ↑ "Definition of New Jerseyite". Dictionary.reference.com. Archived from the original on June 22, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
7. ↑ "Language spoken at home by ability to speak English for the population 5 years and over—2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
8. ↑ "New Jersey State Bird". The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey. The State of New Jersey. Archived from the original on March 25, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
9. ↑ "The New Jersey State Fish". The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey. The State of New Jersey. Archived from the original on August 9, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
10. ↑ "The New Jersey State Trees". The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey. The State of New Jersey. Archived from the original on March 10, 2013. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
11. ↑ "New Jersey State Soil—Downer". Natural Resources Conservation Service. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2014.
12. ↑ DeFalco, Beth. "NJ gov off to a strong start; some say too strong". Yahoo. Archived from the original on March 29, 2010. Retrieved March 24, 2010.
13. ↑ "NJ Energy Savings Improvement Program". WhatsBiomass. Archived from the original on March 20, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
14. ↑ Aladin. "New Jersey, USA - Climate & Monthly weather forecast". Weather U.S. Retrieved June 23, 2022.