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List of awards and honours received by Manmohan Singh

Singh in the Opening Plenary
Singh in the World Economic Forum's India Economic Summit, 2009
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Manmohan Singh
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Dr. Manmohan Singh is an Indian economist, academic and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India for two consecutive terms (2004–09 and 2009–14).[1] Singh held prominent posts in different organisations and received several honours for his work even before beginning his political career.[2] He held various posts such as an advisor to the Foreign Trade Ministry, Chief Economic Advisor in the Ministry of Finance, Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, and deputy head of the Planning Commission.[3] As the finance minister in the P. V. Narasimha Rao government in the 1990s, he carried out several structural reforms that liberalised India's economy.[4] Singh was re-elected as the prime minister in 2009. He is the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru to be re-elected after completing a full five-year term.[5] Singh is also the first and only Sikh to hold the office and the only prime minister of India to never win a direct popular election.

Born on 26 September 1932 in Gah (British India), Singh received his early education from the Hindu College, Amritsar, where his family migrated after the Partition of India. From 1966 to 1969, he worked for the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).[6] Later, Singh worked as a professor of International Trade at the Delhi School of Economics from 1969 to 1971.[7] In 1972, he was appointed as the Chief Economic Adviser to the Ministry of Finance. He became a secretary in the Ministry of Finance in 1976. From 1980 to 1982, he worked for the Planning Commission of India.[8] He served as the governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 16 September 1982 to 14 January 1985.[9]

In 1985, Singh was appointed as the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission, a post he held till 1987.[10] From 1987 to 1990, Singh worked as the secretary general of the South Commission, an independent economic think-tank based in Geneva, Switzerland.[11][12] In 1990, Singh became the Adviser on Economic Affairs to the Prime Minister, following his return to India. In 1991, he was appointed as the chairman of the University Grants Commission (UGC). Later that year, Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao appointed him the Finance Minister of India, in his government—a post Singh held until 1996. Despite strong opposition, as finance minister, he was successful in implementing economic reforms aimed at enhancing productivity and liberalising of India's economy.[13] In 1993, Singh led Indian delegations to the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Cyprus and to the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna.

Singh was first elected to the upper house of Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, in 1991 by the legislature of the state of Assam; he was re-elected in 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013, and 2019.[14][15][16][17] In the 2004 General Elections, the Indian National Congress party joined some allies to form the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and defeated the BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party). Congress leader, Sonia Gandhi recommended Singh's name for the post of Prime Minister and on 22 May 2004, he became the 13th Prime Minister of India. In 2009, UPA was again successful in forming the government in the 15th Lok Sabha elections, and he was re-elected as the Prime Minister of India on 22 May 2009.

  1. ^ "Dr. Manmohan Singh -May 22, 2004 – May 26, 2014". Prime Minister's Office (India). Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  2. ^ "Detailed Profile: Dr. Manmohan 77777Singh". National Portal of India. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  3. ^ "Profile: Manmohan Singh". British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). No. 11 March 2015. Broadcasting House. BBC. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  4. ^ "Rao Ministry". indiancabinet. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  5. ^ Singh, Hemant (22 May 2020). "Manmohan Singh: Biography, Political career, Books and Education". Dainik Jagran. Jagran Prakashan Limited. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  6. ^ B. Turner (27 December 2016). The Statesman's Yearbook 2015: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 606. ISBN 978-1-349-67278-3. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  7. ^ "The Papers of Dr. Manmohan Singh" (PDF). Ashoka University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  8. ^ "The Indian Economy Since Independence" (PDF). Florida Atlantic University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  9. ^ "Past Governors and Deputy Governors". Reserve Bank of India. Archived from the original on 14 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  10. ^ "Nirmala Sitharaman meets former PM Manmohan Singh days ahead of her first Budget". The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  11. ^ Vinay Sitapati (27 June 2016). Half – Lion: How P.V. Narasimha Rao Transformed India. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 108. ISBN 978-93-86057-72-3. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  12. ^ Vinay Sitapati (2018). The Man who Remade India: A Biography of P.V. Narasimha Rao. Oxford University Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-19-069285-8. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  13. ^ "Profile: Manmohan Singh". British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 11 March 2015. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  14. ^ "Manmohan Singh elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha". Press Trust of India. Business Line. The Hindu. 19 August 2019. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Manmohan Singh elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha". Live Mint. HT Media. 9 August 2019. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  16. ^ Joy, Shemin (23 August 2019). "Manmohan Singh takes oath as RS MP for sixth time". Deccan Herald. The Printers (Mysore) Private Limited. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  17. ^ Anad, Manoj (28 April 2019). "Manmohan Singh may not get Assam Rajya Sabha berth". The Asian Age. Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
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