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Puntland Puntland State of Somalia[1] | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Capital | Garoowe 8°24′N 48°29′E / 8.400°N 48.483°E |
| Largest city | Bosaso |
| Official languages | |
| Demonym(s) | Somali |
| Government | Autonomous Presidential system |
| Said Abdullahi Deni | |
| Ahmed Elmi Osman | |
• House Speaker | Abdirashid Yusuf Jibril |
| Legislature | House of Representatives |
| Area | |
• Total | 212,510[2] km2 (82,050 sq mi) |
• Water (%) | 21,711 |
| Population | |
• Estimate | 4,334,633 (2016)[3] |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | 1.853 billions $USD (2019)[4] |
• Per capita | 372 $USD (2019)[5] |
| Currency | Somali shilling (SOS) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 |
| Calling code | +252 (Somalia) |
| ISO 3166 code | SO |
| Internet TLD | .so |
Puntland (Somali: Puntland, Arabic: أرض البنط, Italian: Terra di Punt or Paese di Punt), officially the Puntland State of Somalia (Somali: Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, Arabic: ولاية أرض البنط الصومالية), is a Federal Member State in northeastern Somalia. The capital city is the city of Garoowe in the Nugal region, and its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998.[6] Puntland had a population of 4,334,633 in 2016.[7] Geographically to the west, Puntland lays claim to the intra-46th meridian territories that were outside European colonial rule during parts of the Scramble for Africa period.
Puntland is bordered by Somaliland to its west, the Gulf of Aden in the north, the Guardafui Channel in the northeast, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, the central Galmudug region in the south, and Ethiopia in the southwest. There are several major geographical apexes in Puntland, including the Cape Guardafui, which forms the tip of the Horn of Africa, Ras Hafun the easternmost place on the entire African continent, and the beginning of the Karkaar mountain range. It also has the northernmost major city in Somalia, Bosaso, located at a line of latitude higher than 11° north.
The name "Puntland" is derived from the Land of Punt mentioned in ancient Egyptian sources, although the exact location of the fabled territory is still a mystery. Many studies suggest that the Land of Punt was located in present-day Somalia,[8][9] whereas others propose that it was situated elsewhere.[10]
On 31 March 2024, following changes to the Constitution of Somalia, the government of Puntland stated that it no longer recognises the authority of the Somali federal government and would no longer participate in Somali federal institutions. Furthermore, it was stated that Puntland would "operate as a state that’s independent from Somalia until there is a federal government with a constitution agreed upon in a referendum in which Puntland participates".[11][12][13]
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Rankings – Countries and Territories of the World • PopulationData.net". Archived from the original on 29 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ "Puntland Facts and Figures 2012-2017" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "DAWLADA PUNTLAND PUNTLAND STATE EE SOOMAALIYA OF SOMALIA Wasaaradda Qorsheynta, Horumarinta Dhaqaalaha iyo Iskaasahiga Caalamiga ah Ministry of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation Puntland Statistics Department".
- ^ "DAWLADA PUNTLAND PUNTLAND STATE EE SOOMAALIYA OF SOMALIA Wasaaradda Qorsheynta, Horumarinta Dhaqaalaha iyo Iskaasahiga Caalamiga ah Ministry of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation Puntland Statistics Department".
- ^ "Puntland State of Somalia". Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2019.
- ^ "Puntland Facts and Figures 2012-2017" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ Dan Richardson, Egypt, (Rough Guides: 2003), p. 404 ISBN 1858281881
- ^ Ian McMahan, Secrets of the Pharaohs, (HarperCollins: 1998), p. 92 ISBN 0380797208
- ^ David B. O'Connor, Stephen Quirke, Quir O'Connor, Mysterious lands, (UCL Press: 2003), p. 64 ISBN 1598742078
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)