Back التمرد الصومالي Arabic Revolución somalí (1986-1992) Spanish Somaalia revolutsioon Estonian Révolution somalienne French Pemberontakan Somalia ID Rebelião Somali (1986–1992) Portuguese
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 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2011) |
| Somali Rebellion | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Revolutions of 1989 | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
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 USC[1] SNM SPM SSDFSupported by:  Ethiopia[2][3] | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Siad Barre Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan Muhammad Ali Samatar |
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed Mohamed Farrah Aidid Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur[5] Bashir Bililiqo | ||||||
The Somali Rebellion was the beginning of the civil war in Somalia that occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. The rebellion started in 1978 when President Siad Barre began using his special forces, the "Red Berets" (Duub Cas), to attack clan-based dissident groups opposed to his regime. The dissidents had been becoming more powerful for nearly a decade following his abrupt switch of allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States and the disastrous 1977-78 Ogaden War.
When Barre was injured in an automobile accident on May 23, 1986, rivals within his own government and from opposition groups became bolder and entered into open conflict. Siad Barre's flight from the capital, on January 26, 1991, marked a distinct shift in the conflict. From that date, fighting continued up until the April 1992 United Nations mission to Somalia, UNOSOM I, followed two years later by UNOSOM II. Barre's collective punishment[6] referred to his clan-based violence against what he viewed as rival clan members during the anti-Barre Somali Rebellion. The most egregious forms of clan-based violence perpetrated by the Barre dictatorship were against the Isaaq and Majeerteen clans.[7]
- ^ Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (2003-02-25). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810866041.
- ^ Cohen, Robin (2 November 1995). The Cambridge Survey of World Migration. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44405-7.
in return for depriving the snm of its.
- ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (6 October 2016). After The Storm: The Changing Military Balance in the Middle East. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-9257-3.
- ^ "Military Coup Foiled, Somali Leader Reports". The Washington Post. 10 April 1978.
- ^ http://www.alnef.org.za/conf/2010/presentantions/somalia.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991 - Page 80, Lidwien Kapteijns - 2012
- ^ Nafziger, E (2003). Economic Development, Inequality and War. p. 85.
... not to mention that many of Barre's acts against clans (especially Issaq and, after 1978, Majerteen) themselves were acts of...