Spring 1945 offensive in Italy

Operation Grapeshot
	Part of the Italian Campaign of the Second World War
	; British troops of the 5th (Huntingdonshire) Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment, part of 11th Brigade of 78th Division, pick their way through the ruins of Argenta, 18 April 1945.
Date	6 April 1945 – 2 May 1945
Location	Tuscany, Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Piedmont, Lombardy and the Veneto regions, Northern Italy
Result	Allied victory Fall of the Italian Social Republic; Axis forces in Italy surrender; German forces withdraw from Italy; Execution of Benito Mussolini (1945);
Belligerents
United Kingdom British India; Palestine; Newfoundland; United States; Canada; Poland; Brazil; New Zealand; Italian Resistance; South Africa; Italy; ...and others	Germany; Italian Social Republic
Commanders and leaders
Harold Alexander; Richard McCreery; Mark Clark; Lucian Truscott	H. von Vietinghoff ; Traugott Herr ; J. Lemelsen ; Benito Mussolini ; Rodolfo Graziani
Units involved
15th Army Group 5th Army; 8th Army; ...and others;	Army Group C 10th Army; 14th Army; Army Liguria; ...and others;
Strength
Total: 1,333,856; 5th Army:; 266,883 fighting strength; Eighth Army:; 632,980 fighting strength	Total: 585,000 394,000 fighting strength; 100,000 local police units; 91,000 lines of communication and AA troops;
Casualties and losses
16,258 casualties; incl. 2,860 killed	30–32,000 casualties

The spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War.^[8] The attack in the Lombard Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of German forces in Italy.

^ "Royal Artillery". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
^ "Canada and the Italian Campaign". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
^ Canada, Veterans Affairs (23 June 2021). "Canada - Italy 1943-1945 - The Second World War - History - Remembrance - Veterans Affairs Canada". www.veterans.gc.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
^ ^a ^b Jackson, p. 230.
^ Cite error: The named reference Jackson223 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jackson, p. 236.
^ ^a ^b ^c Jackson, p. 334
^ Jackson, p. 253

Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).

[1] "Royal Artillery". www.heritage.nf.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.

[2] "Canada and the Italian Campaign". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.

[3] Canada, Veterans Affairs (23 June 2021). "Canada - Italy 1943-1945 - The Second World War - History - Remembrance - Veterans Affairs Canada". www.veterans.gc.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2023.

[Jackson230-4] Jackson, p. 230.

[Jackson223-6] Cite error: The named reference Jackson223 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Jackson236-7] Jackson, p. 236.

[Jackson334-8] Jackson, p. 334

[11] Jackson, p. 253

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Spring 1945 offensive in Italy

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