Research

How to build AI scaling laws for efficient LLM training and budget maximization

How to build AI scaling laws for efficient LLM training and budget maximization When researchers are building large language models (LLMs), they aim to maximize performance under a particular computational and financial budget. Since training a model can amount to millions of dollars, developers need to be judicious with cost-impacting decisions about, for ...

Decoding the sounds of battery formation and degradation

Decoding the sounds of battery formation and degradation Before batteries lose power, fail suddenly, or burst into flames, they tend to produce faint sounds over time that provide a signature of the degradation processes going on within their structure. But until now, nobody had figured out how to ...

MIT geologists discover where energy goes during an earthquake

MIT geologists discover where energy goes during an earthquake The ground-shaking that an earthquake generates is only a fraction of the total energy that a quake releases. A quake can also generate a flash of heat, along with a domino-like fracturing of underground rocks. But exactly how much energy ...

Machine-learning tool gives doctors a more detailed 3D picture of fetal health

Machine-learning tool gives doctors a more detailed 3D picture of fetal health For pregnant women, ultrasounds are an informative (and sometimes necessary) procedure. They typically produce two-dimensional black-and-white scans of fetuses that can reveal key insights, including biological sex, approximate size, and abnormalities like heart issues or cleft lip. If your doctor ...

New RNA tool to advance cancer and infectious disease research and treatment

New RNA tool to advance cancer and infectious disease research and treatment Researchers at the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) interdisciplinary research group of the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), MIT’s research enterprise in Singapore, have developed a powerful tool capable of scanning thousands of biological samples to detect transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) modifications ...

Technology originating at MIT leads to approved bladder cancer treatment

Technology originating at MIT leads to approved bladder cancer treatment At MIT, a few scribbles on a whiteboard can turn into a potentially transformational cancer treatment.This scenario came to fruition this week when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a system for treating an aggressive form of bladder cancer. ...

MIT software tool turns everyday objects into animated, eye-catching displays

MIT software tool turns everyday objects into animated, eye-catching displays Whether you’re an artist, advertising specialist, or just looking to spruce up your home, turning everyday objects into dynamic displays is a great way to make them more visually engaging. For example, you could turn a kids’ book into a handheld ...

DOE selects MIT to establish a Center for the Exascale Simulation of Coupled High-Enthalpy Fluid–Solid...

DOE selects MIT to establish a Center for the Exascale Simulation of Coupled High-Enthalpy Fluid–Solid... The U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA) recently announced that it has selected MIT to establish a new research center dedicated to advancing the predictive simulation of extreme environments, such as those encountered in hypersonic flight and atmospheric ...

Ten years later, LIGO is a black-hole hunting machine

Ten years later, LIGO is a black-hole hunting machine The following article is adapted from a press release issued by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory. LIGO is funded by the National Science Foundation and operated by Caltech and MIT, which conceived and built the project.On Sept. 14, ...

Study explains how a rare gene variant contributes to Alzheimer’s disease

Study explains how a rare gene variant contributes to Alzheimer’s disease A new study from MIT neuroscientists reveals how rare variants of a gene called ABCA7 may contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s in some of the people who carry it.Dysfunctional versions of the ABCA7 gene, which are found in a ...

Study finds cell memory can be more like a dimmer dial than an on/off switch

Study finds cell memory can be more like a dimmer dial than an on/off switch When cells are healthy, we don’t expect them to suddenly change cell types. A skin cell on your hand won’t naturally morph into a brain cell, and vice versa. That’s thanks to epigenetic memory, which enables the expression of various ...

“Bottlebrush” particles deliver big chemotherapy payloads directly to cancer cells

“Bottlebrush” particles deliver big chemotherapy payloads directly to cancer cells Using tiny particles shaped like bottlebrushes, MIT chemists have found a way to deliver a large range of chemotherapy drugs directly to tumor cells.To guide them to the right location, each particle contains an antibody that targets a specific tumor ...

Alzheimer’s erodes brain cells’ control of gene expression, undermining function, cognition

Alzheimer’s erodes brain cells’ control of gene expression, undermining function, cognition Most people recognize Alzheimer’s disease from its devastating symptoms such as memory loss, while new drugs target pathological aspects of disease manifestations, such as plaques of amyloid proteins. Now, a sweeping new open-access study in the Sept. 4 edition of ...

Physicists devise an idea for lasers that shoot beams of neutrinos

Physicists devise an idea for lasers that shoot beams of neutrinos At any given moment, trillions of particles called neutrinos are streaming through our bodies and every material in our surroundings, without noticeable effect. Smaller than electrons and lighter than photons, these ghostly entities are the most abundant particles with mass ...

Study finds exoplanet TRAPPIST-1e is unlikely to have a Venus- or Mars-like atmosphere

Study finds exoplanet TRAPPIST-1e is unlikely to have a Venus- or Mars-like atmosphere In the search for habitable exoplanets, atmospheric conditions play a key role in determining if a planet can sustain liquid water. Suitable candidates often sit in the “Goldilocks zone,” a distance that is neither too close nor too far from ...

A comprehensive cellular-resolution map of brain activity

A comprehensive cellular-resolution map of brain activity The first comprehensive map of mouse brain activity has been unveiled by a large international collaboration of neuroscientists. Researchers from the International Brain Laboratory (IBL), including MIT neuroscientist Ila Fiete, published their open-access findings today in two papers in Nature, revealing ...

A greener way to 3D print stronger stuff

A greener way to 3D print stronger stuff 3D printing has come a long way since its invention in 1983 by Chuck Hull, who pioneered stereolithography, a technique that solidifies liquid resin into solid objects using ultraviolet lasers. Over the decades, 3D printers have evolved from experimental curiosities ...

A new generative AI approach to predicting chemical reactions

A new generative AI approach to predicting chemical reactions Many attempts have been made to harness the power of new artificial intelligence and large language models (LLMs) to try to predict the outcomes of new chemical reactions. These have had limited success, in part because until now they have ...

Soft materials hold onto “memories” of their past, for longer than previously thought

Soft materials hold onto “memories” of their past, for longer than previously thought If your hand lotion is a bit runnier than usual coming out of the bottle, it might have something to do with the goop’s “mechanical memory.”Soft gels and lotions are made by mixing ingredients until they form a stable and uniform ...

3 Questions: The pros and cons of synthetic data in AI

3 Questions: The pros and cons of synthetic data in AI Synthetic data are artificially generated by algorithms to mimic the statistical properties of actual data, without containing any information from real-world sources. While concrete numbers are hard to pin down, some estimates suggest that more than 60 percent of data ...

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