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Bhopal | |
|---|---|
(from top to bottom) Bhojtaal, Sanchi Stupa, Taj-ul-Masajid, Tribal Museum Bhopal, Van Vihar National Park, Museum of Man | |
| Nickname: The City of Lakes | |
  Bhopal  Bhopal | |
| Coordinates: 23°15′35.6″N 77°24′45.4″E / 23.259889°N 77.412611°E[1] | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| District | Bhopal |
| Region | Bhopal Division |
| Ward | 85 wards[1] |
| Named for | Raja Bhoja |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–Council |
| • Body | Bhopal Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Malti Rai (BJP) |
| • Member of Parliament | Pragya Singh Thakur (2019 – present) |
| Area | |
| • Metropolis | 463 km2 (179 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 648.24 km2 (250.29 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 518.73 m (1,701.87 ft) |
| Population (2011)[4] | |
| • Metropolis | 1,798,218 |
| • Rank | 20th |
| • Density | 3,900/km2 (10,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro (Bhopal + Arera Colony + Berasia urban areas) | 1,917,051 |
| • Metro density | 3,000/km2 (7,700/sq mi) |
| • Metro rank | 18th |
| Demonym | Bhopali |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Pincode | 462001 to 462050 |
| Telephone | 0755 |
| Vehicle registration | MP-04 |
| Per capita GDP | $2,087 or ₹1.47 lakh[6] |
| GDP Nominal (Bhopal District) | ₹44,175 crore (US$5.5 billion) (2020-21)[7] |
| Official language | Hindi |
| Literacy Rate (2011) | 80.37%[8] |
| Precipitation | 1,123.1 millimetres (44.22 in) |
| Avg. high temperature | 31.7 °C (89.1 °F) |
| Avg. low temperature | 18.6 °C (65.5 °F) |
| HDI (2016) | 0.77 (High)[9] |
| Website | bhopal |
Bhopal (/boʊˈpɑːl/; Hindi: [bʱoːpaːl] ⓘ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division.[10][11] It is known as the City of Lakes,[12] due to presence of various natural and artificial lakes near the city boundary. It is also one of the greenest cities in India.[13] It is the 16th largest city in India and 131st[14] in the world. After the formation of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal was part of the Sehore district. It was bifurcated in 1972 and a new district, Bhopal, was formed. Flourishing around 1707, the city was the capital of the former Bhopal State, a princely state of the British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal until India's independence in 1947.
Bhopal has a strong economic base with numerous large and medium industries operating in and around the city. Bhopal is considered as one of the important financial and economic destinations in Madhya Pradesh's two strong wealth pillars, the other being Indore. Bhopal's GDP(nominal) was estimated at INR 44,175 crores (2020–21) by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Madhya Pradesh. A Y-class city,[15] Bhopal houses various educational and research institutions and installations of national importance, including ISRO's Master Control Facility,[16] BHEL and AMPRI. Bhopal is home to a large number of institutes of National Importance in India, namely, IISER, MANIT, SPA, AIIMS, NLIU, IIFM, NIFT, NIDMP and IIIT (currently functioning from a temporary campus inside MANIT).
Bhopal city also has Regional Science Centre, Bhopal, one of the constituent units of the National Council of Science Museums (NCSM).
The city attracted international attention in December 1984 after the Bhopal disaster, when a Union Carbide pesticide manufacturing plant (now owned by Dow Chemical Company) leaked a mixture of deadly gases composed mainly of methyl isocyanate, leading to the worst industrial disaster in history.[17] The Bhopal disaster continues to be a part of the socio-political debate and a logistical challenge for the people of Bhopal.[18]
Bhopal was selected as one of the first twenty Indian cities (the first phase) to be developed as a smart city the Smart Cities Mission.[19] Bhopal was also rated as the cleanest state capital city in India for three consecutive years, 2017, 2018 and 2019.[20]
- ^ "History". Bhopal Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ "BMC". Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ "BMC Plan". Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ a b "District Census Handbook – Bhopal" (PDF). Census of India. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 August 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
- ^ "Cricket Exchange Live - Online Cricket Betting Casino". #.
- ^ "District Domestic Product Per Capita". Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ Records, Official. "Estimates of District Domestic Product Madhya Pradesh" (PDF). Department of Planning, Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Madhya Pradesh. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
- ^ "Madhya Pradesh Literacy Rate 2021". www.indiacensus.net. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ "The Madhya Pradesh Human Development Index" (PDF). 20 March 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2016.
- ^ Educational Britannica Educational (1 July 2010). The Geography of India: Sacred and Historic Places. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 174–. ISBN 978-1-61530-202-4. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
- ^ Limaye, P. (2014). "Bhopal Accident: Release of MIC". Encyclopedia of Toxicology. Elsevier. pp. 446–448. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386454-3.00252-9. ISBN 9780123864550.
Bhopal, the capital city of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, is the site that witnessed probably the world's worst industrial calamity.
- ^ The Geography of India: Sacred and Historic Places. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. 2010. p. 174. ISBN 978-1-61530-142-3. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "MSN's 8 green cities of India – 7 – Bhopal". MSN India. 28 January 2010. Archived from the original on 28 December 2009. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
- ^ "The world's largest cities". City Mayors. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ "Re-classification/Upgradation of Cities/Towns on the basis of Census-2011 for the purpose of grant of House Rent Allowance (HRA) to Central Government Employees" (PDF). Ministry of Finance – Government of India. 21 July 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
- ^ "ISRO Master Control Facility". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2007.
- ^ Taylor, Allan (2 December 2014). "Bhopal: The World's Worst Industrial Disaster, 30 Years Later". The Atlantic. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
Estimates of the death toll vary from as few as 3,800 to as many as 16,000, but government figures now refer to an estimate of 15,000 killed over the years.
- ^ Government braces for disposal of Carbide waste at Pithampur Archived 26 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Times of India, 21 May 2014
- ^ "Why only 98 cities instead of 100 announced: All questions answered about smart cities project". 28 August 2015. Archived from the original on 19 January 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
- ^ Ayub, Jamal (6 March 2019). "Swachh Survekshan 2019: Indore cleanest city, Bhopal cleanest capital | Bhopal News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 January 2020.