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Madhya Pradesh | |
|---|---|
| State of Madhya Pradesh | |
| Etymology: Central Province | |
| Nickname: "Heart of India" | |
| Motto: Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs) | |
| Anthem: Mera Madhya Pradesh (My Madhya Pradesh)[1] | |
 Location of Madhya Pradesh in India | |
| Country |  India |
| Region | Central India |
| Before was | Central Provinces and Berar |
| Formation | 26 January 1950 |
| Capital | Bhopal |
| Largest city | Indore |
| Districts | 55 (10 divisions) |
| Government | |
| • Body | Government of Madhya Pradesh |
| • Governor | Mangubhai C. Patel |
| • Chief minister | Mohan Yadav (BJP) |
| • Deputy chief minister | Jagdish Devda (BJP) Rajendra Shukla (BJP) |
| State Legislature | Unicameral |
| • Assembly | Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly (230 seats) |
| National Parliament | Parliament of India |
| • Rajya Sabha | 11 seats |
| • Lok Sabha | 29 seats |
| High Court | Madhya Pradesh High Court |
| Area | |
| • Total | 308,252 km2 (119,017 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 2nd |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 605 km (376 mi) |
| • Width | 870 km (540 mi) |
| Elevation | 400 m (1,300 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 1,352 m (4,436 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 90 m (300 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
| • Total |  72,626,809 |
| • Rank | 5th |
| • Density | 240/km2 (600/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 27.63% |
| • Rural | 72.37% |
| Demonym | Madhya Pradeshis |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[4] |
| • Official script | Devanagari script |
| GDP | |
| • Total (2022-23) | ₹11.69 trillion (US$150 billion) |
| • Rank | 10th |
| • Per capita | ₹164,685 (US$2,100) (24th) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-MP |
| Vehicle registration | MP |
| HDI (2018) |  0.606 Medium[6] (34th) |
| Literacy (2011) | 69.32% (28th) |
| Sex ratio (2011) | 970♀/1000 ♂[7] (15th) |
| Website | mp |
| Symbols of Madhya Pradesh | |
 | |
| Song | Mera Madhya Pradesh (My Madhya Pradesh)[1] |
| Bird | Indian paradise flycatcher |
| Fish | Mahseer |
| Flower | White lily |
| Fruit | Mango |
| Mammal | Barasingha |
| Tree | Banyan Tree |
| State highway mark | |
 | |
| State highway of Madhya Pradesh MP SH1 - MP SH53 | |
| List of Indian state symbols | |
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Madhya Pradesh (/ˌmɑːdjə prəˈdɛʃ/,[8] Hindi: [ˈməd̪ʱjə pɾəˈdeːʃ] ⓘ; meaning 'central province') is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore, with Gwalior, Jabalpur, Ujjain, Dewas, Sagar, Satna, and Rewa being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the second largest Indian state by area and the fifth largest state by population with over 72 million residents. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the east, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.[9]
The area covered by the present-day Madhya Pradesh includes the area of the ancient Avanti Mahajanapada, whose capital Ujjain (also known as Avantika) arose as a major city during the second wave of Indian urbanisation in the sixth century BCE. Subsequently, the region was ruled by the major dynasties of India. The Maratha Empire dominated the majority of the 18th century. After the Anglo-Maratha Wars in the 19th century, the region was divided into several princely states under the British and incorporated into Central Provinces and Berar and the Central India Agency. Some years after India's independence, the Central Provinces and Berar was renamed as Madhya Pradesh with Nagpur as its capital: this state included the southern parts of the present-day Madhya Pradesh and northeastern portion of today's Maharashtra. In 1956, this state was reorganised and its parts were combined with the states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal to form the new Madhya Pradesh state, the Marathi-speaking Vidarbha region was removed and merged with the Bombay State. This state was the largest in India by area until 2000, when its southeastern Chhattisgarh region was designated a separate state.
Madhya Pradesh's economy is the 10th-largest in India, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹9.17 trillion (US$110 billion) and has the country's 26th highest per-capita income of ₹ 109372.[5] Madhya Pradesh ranks 23rd among Indian states in human development index.[10] Rich in mineral resources, Madhya Pradesh has the largest reserves of diamond and copper in India. 25.14% of its area is under forest cover.[11] Its tourism industry has seen considerable growth, with the state topping the National Tourism Awards in 2010–11.[12] In recent years, the state's GDP growth has been above the national average.[13] In 2019–20, state's GSDP was recorded at 9.07.[14]
- ^ "MP: State Song to be Sung Along with National Anthem". Outlook. 12 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
- ^ Kohli, M. S. (2002). Mountains of India: Tourism, Adventure and Pilgrimage. Indus Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7387-135-1.
- ^ "2011 Census of India" (PDF). Censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
- ^ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. pp. 122–126. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- ^ a b "MOSPI State Domestic Product, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India". 15 March 2021. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database". Global Data Lab. Institute for Management Research, Radboud University. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
- ^ "Sex ratio of State and Union Territories of India as per National Health survey (2019-2021)". Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. Archived from the original on 8 January 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ "Madhya Pradesh". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Human Development Index Across Indian States: Is the Glass Still Half Empty?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
- ^ "India State of Forest Report 2019" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ "Madhya Pradesh topped the National Tourism Awards 2010–11". jagranjosh.com. 1 January 2012. Archived from the original on 19 June 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
- ^ "Madhya Pradesh topples Bihar, new No 1 in economic growth". Economic Times. 30 March 2013. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2013.
- ^ "Madhya Pradesh Presentation and Economy Growth Report | IBEF". ibef.org. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2021.